Tempo Eksplainer: Virus HMPV Sudah Masuk Indonesia, Benarkah Tidak Mematikan?
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00:00HMPV
00:04The excitement that started from the video of the patient's queue in a viral hospital on social media
00:09about the human metapneumovirus or HMPV case that broke out in China made the Ministry of Health busy.
00:15The Minister of Health, Budi Gunadi Sadiqin, said that the HMPV virus almost did not cause death.
00:22Budi said that HMPV has characteristics similar to common flu, with cough, cough, and shortness of breath.
00:29Most infected people will recover on their own without treatment.
00:34Previously, through the written explanation received by Tempo on January 7, 2025,
00:39Minister Budi stated that HMPV is an old virus that has existed since 2001 and has circulated around the world.
00:46So it's not a new type like SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19.
00:51In addition, Minister Budi, Head of the Ministry of Public Health Communications and Services, Aji Muhawarman, said
00:58that the HMPV virus has spread throughout Indonesia.
01:01To prevent the spread of HMPV more widely, Aji said that the government has increased surveillance,
01:07tracing, monitoring, and data that is done by Puskesmas Hospital.
01:12According to him, the data is collected daily and weekly so that it can be more accurate.
01:17In addition, Aji said that there is an increase in awareness in the health care sector at the entrance gate of the country,
01:23such as airports and ports.
01:26However, he said the response was not with restrictions or prohibitions to enter the country.
01:32The situation in China is actually not as exciting as the viral video on social media X.
01:37The video without a title shows a crowd of people waiting in a hospital room.
01:41According to Aji, the government has and continues to monitor the development of the HMPV epidemic situation in China and other countries.
01:48The increase in the number of cases of HMPV in China, Aji said, is due to the cold season factor.
01:52Although it has been a long virus, according to Aji, antivirus and vaccines for HMPV are not available.
01:58However, he said, the mortality rate for HMPV patients is relatively low and the symptoms are not different from the usual flu,
02:05with a fever above 34 degrees Celsius, cough, and without breathing or heavy breathing.
02:13According to epidemiologist from Erlangga University, Muhammad Atoila Isfandiari,
02:17there is a difference between Human Meta-Pneumovirus and SARS-CoV-2,
02:21the cause of the COVID-19 virus that once caused a pandemic globally.
02:27In terms of viruses, he said, HMPV and SARS-CoV-2 come from different viral families.
02:32Atoila mentioned that HMPV includes the Paramyxoviridae family,
02:36so it's the same as the measles virus and the measles virus.
02:39While SARS-CoV-2 is part of the Coronaviridae family.
02:43Atoila revealed that these two viruses spread through the respiratory tract,
02:46so they may have the same symptoms, which are cough, fever, and fever.
02:52The difference between the two viruses, Atoila said, also makes the characteristics different.
02:57One of them, the Corona virus not only causes cell damage, but also causes the presence of cytokines.
03:02In HMPV, as an old virus, he said, it has rarely caused serious cases,
03:06although in children and people of all ages,
03:09unless they have a very weak immunity status, such as people infected with HIV.
03:16However, a researcher from the Indonesian University of Health Research Center, Iwan Ariyawan, said,
03:20HMPV has a viral transmission rate or base reproduction rate or RO 1.3.
03:26This means that one person infected with HMPV on average will transmit it to 1.3 people
03:31as long as they are sick and without any preventive measures.
03:34Moreover, HMPV is far below the H1N1 influenza virus, which is ranked 1 to 2,
03:40or COVID-19 is ranked 2 to 4.
03:43Iwan also added another difference between the spread of HMPV in tropical countries,
03:47such as Indonesia, and countries that have four seasons, such as China.
03:51Iwan explains that in four-season countries, there is an increase in the number of influenza cases in the winter,
03:56while in tropical countries, the increase in the number of influenza cases occurs in the rainy season.