所さんの目がテン！2024年11月24日 世界が注目!最先端技術にも使われる折り紙工学とは
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00:00Megaten Hajimariyo!
00:04Megaten! Megaten!
00:12Origami.
00:13The art of creating various shapes just by folding paper.
00:19Origami has been popular in Japan for a long time.
00:24Recently, CG animation based on origami was selected by a group that holds the Academy Award, which is considered the greatest honor of the American film industry.
00:36They won the Silver Award at the Academy Awards.
00:40Origami is attracting attention all over the world.
00:46Origami engineering is the study of applying the principles and techniques of origami to engineering and utilizing them in various fields.
00:56For example, maps.
00:58Origami technology that can be opened and closed instantly by pulling on a diagonal line is adopted.
01:05In addition, a device called Starshade for space observation was developed by applying origami techniques.
01:13When you launch it, you fold it compactly and spread it widely in space to reflect light for observation.
01:23It is characterized by the possibility of origami engineering that continues to spread.
01:29In fact, the wings of insects were hidden by the amazing folding technology that gives confidence in making things.
01:37If you use that principle, you can get a sense of how to fold it in an unbelievable way.
01:46In addition, it breaks in an instant just by pouring hot water and becomes three-dimensional.
01:50What is the surprising cutting-edge technology?
01:57This Megaten is the science of origami that uses the techniques hidden in origami for the future.
02:07Great! There is a word called origami engineering!
02:10That's right.
02:11I'm very interested today.
02:12I'm glad!
02:15For example, with origami technology, you can fold a large object into a small one and carry it.
02:20Even with metal, you can make a shape by folding it from one object, and you can make a lighter structure that is even stronger.
02:28Can I ask you one question?
02:30Yes, of course.
02:32Insects also have a deep relationship with origami engineering.
02:38Oh, this one.
02:41It's amazing that you're wearing that T-shirt.
02:45In fact, there was an origami exhibition booth at the International Insectology Conference that I presented to you the other day.
02:53There were a lot of origami of insects.
02:56Origami?
02:57Wow!
02:59That's amazing.
03:00Researchers from overseas were gathering like insects.
03:06Like insects.
03:09First, we visited a teacher who was creating new technology with origami engineering, which got a hint from insects.
03:16Hirai from Tokyo Bug Boys and I went to Kyushu University.
03:22It's been a while.
03:23Nice to meet you.
03:26We visited Professor Kazuya Saito, who applies the mechanism of living things to origami engineering.
03:34He showed us a board with a honeycomb structure.
03:38The honeycomb structure can be made by arranging hexagons like bees' nests to make a board that is both lightweight and strong.
03:47Normally, you have to glue multiple boards to make a honeycomb structure, so you can only make a fixed shape.
03:53However, he developed a way to make a honeycomb structure by folding a piece of wave-shaped board like origami.
04:03He was able to make a honeycomb structure of various shapes.
04:09In fact, Professor Saito and Mr. Hirai have been getting to know each other through insects.
04:16Today, let's hear a lot from the perspective of origami engineering about the wings of insects.
04:23What did Mr. Hirai show us first?
04:30This is a video of the moment when a bug flies.
04:36It's cute.
04:39It's very honest and easy to study.
04:44It flies right away.
04:47That's right.
04:49If you want to make a bug fly, you can use a stick, but if it comes first, it will fly.
04:56In the previous video, the wings opened and the wings that were folded from below spread out and flew.
05:07Wings are hard wings on the outside of the body of insects, such as bugs.
05:13When it flies, it opens the wings and opens the wings that were folded inside.
05:24Beetles also fold the wings inside the wings, but there is a surprising secret.
05:33This is a beetle.
05:35This is a beetle that uses the mechanism of a large insect's wings.
05:41Wow, that's amazing.
05:47It's complicated.
05:50Beetles also have muscles at the base, so by moving them there, the wings in the middle come out.
06:01It's a mechanism that opens the wings just by moving the base.
06:06It seems to be studying whether this can also be applied to something.
06:10What's next?
06:12I'd like to introduce a flower beetle.
06:15It's cute and I love it.
06:17Please take a look.
06:19Wait, what is it?
06:21Isn't it a little different from before?
06:24It's different.
06:25It's flying without opening the hard wings.
06:36Flower beetles can slide their wings without opening their wings.
06:43They can open their wings in the air and start flying in an instant.
06:49It's interesting to see the variation of how the wings open.
06:53That's right.
06:55There are beetles that open their wings without opening their wings.
06:59Isn't there a beetle that goes forward?
07:02What is that?
07:04It's a caterpillar.
07:06That's interesting.
07:08Car manufacturers often ask me to apply this method to the door of their cars.
07:18In any case, insects fight by making various variations.
07:26What is Dr. Saito's best way to fold the insect's wings?
07:31There is a insect that folds the most compactly among insects.
07:37It's a caterpillar.
07:42This is a caterpillar.
07:44Where are the wings?
07:47It's a caterpillar.
07:50When I saw the moment when the caterpillar flew,
07:54I couldn't imagine how big the wings opened from its small body.
08:02That's amazing.
08:04It's about 13 to 15 times bigger.
08:09The video of the caterpillar is the reason I got to know Mr. Hirai.
08:16This is the video of the caterpillar that Mr. Hirai took.
08:21The wings of the caterpillar are about 15 times bigger than the wings of the insect.
08:30Caterpillars can open and close their wings in an instant.
08:34Caterpillars have the most efficient way to store their wings.
08:38Caterpillars have more complex folds than caterpillars.
08:47That's true.
08:49Caterpillars have more complex folds than caterpillars.
08:56If you apply the caterpillar's wings, you can make something incredible.
09:00Can you do it?
09:03When you look at the caterpillar's wings,
09:06you can see the beautiful folds between the white lines.
09:10These folds make it possible to store them compactly.
09:17Mr. Saito found out that the caterpillar's complex folding pattern
09:21can be created with extremely simple mathematical rules.
09:27So, I made a caterpillar's folding pattern with Mr. Saito.
09:36The caterpillar's folding pattern is made of paper,
09:39but the caterpillar's folding pattern is reinforced with folds.
09:42So, the caterpillar's folding pattern is strong.
09:44That's true.
09:46The caterpillar's folding pattern is stable and easy to use.
09:49In a normal caterpillar's folding pattern,
09:51the caterpillar just opens and closes its wings like this.
09:53But in this folding pattern,
09:55the caterpillar just folds it in half.
10:00This folding pattern is made of paper.
10:04You can fold it in half.
10:07It fits in your pocket.
10:09That's true.
10:11It doesn't fit.
10:13It fits in your pocket.
10:15It's so convenient.
10:17Why is it possible to fold it in half?
10:19Why is it possible to fold it in half?
10:21When you fold it in half,
10:23there is a little gap here.
10:29In a normal folding pattern,
10:31all the frames overlap at one point.
10:37When you fold it in half in this state,
10:39the thickness of the paper gets in the way,
10:41and it can't be folded neatly.
10:44In a caterpillar's folding pattern,
10:46the base of the frame is off.
10:49The base of the frame is off.
10:54The base of the frame is off.
11:02When you fold it in half,
11:04there are gaps in between the paper.
11:07The thickness doesn't overlap,
11:09and you can fold it in a slim way.
11:12There is a gap in between the paper and the back of the horse.
11:15Is it possible for humans to create this idea from scratch?
11:22I don't think so.
11:25The interesting thing about biomimetics is that we extract the essence of the idea and apply it to science.
11:35Biomimetics is an application of the movement and structure of living things to science.
11:43Is there anything else that can be applied?
11:46By using origami, we were able to customize the sense of friction to suit the needs of humans.
11:57This allowed us to use the tatami mats in various scales and purposes.
12:05The sunshade of the car is made to work on the roof.
12:11In addition, research on the Moon Base Project is also underway.
12:16We will bring you the results of the study.
12:20Insects are very useful.
12:22That's right.
12:24What kind of mechanism is that?
12:26Dr. Himonoku is amazing.
12:28I was surprised.
12:30This time, Dr. Saito has borrowed a model that is being considered for the solar battery panel of the Moon Base Power Tower.
12:38This is it.
12:40It's compact.
12:43This is the most compact one.
12:47First, you pull this.
12:50Then, you pull this handle.
12:53If you pull it up, it will open.
12:57Is that all?
12:58Yes.
12:59When you close it, you close it with this.
13:03You close it by returning this handle.
13:06In addition, you return it to its original shape just by doing this.
13:10I was surprised to the point where I was paralyzed.
13:13That's right.
13:14Is this a circle?
13:17Yes, it's a working object.
13:18After this becomes a circle, it expands.
13:22This is the extension of this circle, right?
13:25It's connected.
13:27Scissor insect wings can be opened in an instant.
13:30It can be folded in many ways.
13:32Despite its flexibility, it has the strength to withstand the wind.
13:38The solar battery panel also has the feature of being able to hold both.
13:42I see. It can't be helped if it's strong.
13:44It's just expanding.
13:45It's something to love and hate.
13:46Yes.
13:47In the process of long evolution, it creates optimism that coexists.
13:53Mr. Saito said that humans can make technological innovations by imitating insects.
13:59That's amazing.
14:00If you research insects, you can imitate many things.
14:03That's right.
14:04Next is a surprising new technology around origami.
14:07I, Kyokyo, have researched the cutting edge of origami engineering.
14:13In October, there was an exhibition called Tsunagaru Katachiten held at the Science and Technology Museum.
14:19Various works applied to origami engineering were displayed here as well.
14:27What stood out was a rabbit made of origami.
14:33It's a three-dimensional rabbit with many curves.
14:35It's made just by folding a large piece of paper.
14:40What?
14:41This origami was made by Professor Tomohiro Tachi, who studies origami engineering at Tokyo University.
14:50No matter how three-dimensional Mr. Tachi is, he is the first in the world to build a theory that can be broken from a piece of paper.
14:57Based on his theory, he created a software called Origamizer.
15:02This is a three-dimensional three-dimensional shape.
15:06From the input shape, we make a pattern or a development diagram.
15:12If you actually fold the pattern of this development diagram, it will look like a three-dimensional rabbit.
15:21That's amazing.
15:23For example, if you spread a piece of origami paper flat, it will have a crease like this.
15:31This line is called a development diagram.
15:34In other words, it is a design diagram of origami.
15:39When Origamizer inputs a three-dimensional shape, it automatically creates a two-dimensional development diagram that can be folded with origami.
15:51It's amazing, isn't it?
15:52Really?
15:54But there is one problem.
15:56Although it can be calculated by a computer, if the shape is complicated, of course, the development diagram will become more detailed.
16:04That's right.
16:06In addition, the development diagram does not include the folding procedure.
16:12This is a video of Mr. Tachi actually folding a three-dimensional rabbit.
16:17It's a wrinkle.
16:19It took us 10 hours to complete it.
16:23Even Mr. Tachi, a researcher of origami engineering, took a long time to complete it.
16:29What are you doing?
16:31What are you doing?
16:32It's amazing.
16:34However, I heard that there is the latest technology to solve this problem, so I visited Keio University of Technology.
16:40Hello.
16:41Hello.
16:42I'm Kyokyo.
16:43Nice to meet you.
16:44Nice to meet you.
16:45I'm Narumi.
16:47Professor Jun Koya Narumi of the Faculty of Science and Technology.
16:50What is his research?
16:52There is a flimsy sheet here.
16:55I developed a technology that automatically folds a sheet just by heating it.
17:02What?
17:04This is a flat sheet developed by Professor Narumi.
17:08There is a pattern like a thin line of origami.
17:12There is hot water here.
17:14I'm going to pour hot water on it.
17:16It's amazing. It's like a magic lamp.
17:20The shape gradually changes.
17:25When I poured hot water on it, the flimsy sheet broke into a three-dimensional shape.
17:34It's broken.
17:35It was flimsy before, but now it's jagged.
17:38That's right.
17:42How can this be done?
17:50That is actually made by printing.
17:53Originally, it was black, but it was originally a transparent sheet.
18:00When this sheet is heated, it shrinks.
18:04If it is left as it is, even if it is heated, it will shrink evenly and will not become origami.
18:09That's right.
18:10So I printed a black pattern on the front and back of this.
18:19In fact, this sheet was processed so that it would not shrink due to heat on top of the heat-absorbing film.
18:27If you look closely, only the gap is very thin and there is no print.
18:33There is no print here.
18:34That's right.
18:35It's like a split.
18:36If there is no print, it can shrink.
18:40If there is print, it cannot shrink.
18:44That's why origami breaks automatically.
18:49When it is heated from 70 to 100 degrees, the sheet shrinks only where there is no print.
18:56This is how the sheet breaks automatically.
19:01By changing the printing pattern, you can break it into various shapes.
19:07After this, can you make something like that just by putting it in hot water?
19:11I wonder what it is.
19:15A sheet that breaks automatically just by putting it in hot water.
19:21Then, Mr. Tokoro, this sheet has a more detailed folding line than before.
19:26What kind of shape do you think will be completed?
19:29This?
19:30Yes.
19:31I imagine this.
19:32Yes, imagination.
19:34Yes, imagination.
19:36Imagination?
19:37Please.
19:38What is this? It's distorted.
19:40Then, I will fold this.
19:42I don't know what this is.
19:44It looks like this when you put it in hot water.
19:46It's moving.
19:48What is this?
19:52I don't know yet.
19:53He says it's broken from the moment he put it in hot water.
19:58It only looks like a horse's back.
20:00It's starting to look like a horse's back.
20:02It's round and distorted.
20:04Then, what is it?
20:05I wonder what it is.
20:06A crab?
20:07I wonder what it is.
20:10It's a hat.
20:11How is it?
20:12It suits the mystery.
20:15The correct answer is a hat.
20:17If you fold this by hand, it will take 10 hours.
20:22In fact, this hat can be folded as calculated in advance.
20:27For example, the top of the hat is almost flat.
20:33That's why the fold line is very thin.
20:38It's about 0.1mm.
20:41It's true.
20:42It's different.
20:43That's right.
20:44The edge has to be rounded.
20:48That's why the line is thick.
20:50This is about 1mm.
20:53The thickness of the groove of this hat sheet is thick at the edge.
20:58The center is designed to be thin.
21:04By changing the thickness of the groove, you can change the angle of the fold.
21:11By calculating everything, you can fold it into the shape you want from one sheet.
21:17What will happen in the future?
21:19There is almost no space to put things in a rocket.
21:23That's right.
21:24So you can make a paper bag and carry it around.
21:29You can make it three-dimensional in space.
21:33It's like a dream.
21:36I think it will be useful in space.
21:39I think so, too.
21:41It's good for climbing mountains.
21:44It can be a large tent.
21:46It looks very convenient.
21:48I was surprised by the rabbit.
21:50The rabbit is amazing.
21:51The rabbit is facing this way.
21:54There is a gap here.
21:56You can fold it from one sheet.
21:59That's amazing.
22:00I'm going to cheat.
22:02I'm going to cut it off.
22:04There has been a research to fold origami automatically.
22:08With the technology developed by Mr. Narumi, you can fold more than 80,000 sheets automatically.
22:14You can make more than 1,200 pieces of origami.
22:18That's amazing.
22:20I received a letter from Mr. Tokoro.
22:23It's a letter from Mr. Tokoro.
22:26I received it.
22:28There is nothing written on the back.
22:30I can't read it.
22:32It's messed up.
22:34I'm going to put it in hot water.
22:41It's done.
22:43Please wait a moment.
22:44I wipe it off.
22:47It's done.
22:51Happy birthday.
22:53Mr. Tokoro.
22:54It's a little early.
22:55It's too early.
22:56Happy birthday.
22:57Thank you very much.
22:59This is the most difficult one.
23:00This is amazing.
23:02I felt it.
23:04It's bent.
23:05What is this?
23:07I spread it.
23:09You spread it.
23:12How was it?
23:13That's right.
23:14It's amazing.
23:16It's amazing.
23:17If you fold it in a triangle, it will look like this.
23:22I was surprised.
23:23This is interesting.
23:25I'm glad.
23:26This is this.
23:27The inside of the head is amazing.
23:29To be honest.
23:30People like this do a lot of work.
23:33That's right.
23:34If you do your best, a bright future will come.
23:37That's right.
23:38It will open to space.
23:39I'll wait for you.
23:40What's next?
23:41Next time is the price of soup stock.
23:43Explore the charm of soup stock, which is essential for Japanese food.
23:46In addition, I will make a delicious dish that I want to eat again using soup stock.
23:50Will you make a delicious dish at the end?
23:52I'll make it.
23:53Don't do unnecessary things.
23:55I'm looking forward to it.
23:56I'm looking forward to it.
23:57This program is broadcast on TVER.
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