The transcript discusses rising tensions between India and Pakistan following the Pahalgam terror attack. It outlines the history of Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (POK), including the events leading to its formation in 1947, the UN intervention, and the current territorial divisions. The report also mentions China's occupation of certain areas and ongoing protests in POK against Pakistan's control.
Category
🗞
NewsTranscript
00:00Tensions between India and Pakistan are rising after the Pahalgam terror attack.
00:05The POK, Pakistan Occupied Kashmir, is in the limelight once again
00:09as demands are on the rise to reclaim POK by India.
00:13So POK is a part of UT, Union Territory, Jaman Kashmir and Ladakh in India,
00:18illegally occupied by Pakistan.
00:21Let's run you through the history of this region.
00:24Pakistan Occupied Kashmir is comprised of Muzaffarabad, Poonch, Mirpur and Girgit, Baltistan.
00:31Let's begin from the very beginning, the independence of India in 1947
00:35when Jammu and Kashmir was actually the largest among the 562 princely states
00:40spanning an area of 218,779 square kilometers.
00:47Now as per the Indian Independence Act of 1947,
00:50the Maharaja of Kashmir, Hari Singh, was given the option
00:53either to join Pakistan or to join India during the partition.
00:57But the Maharaja agreed to have a standstill agreement with both India and Pakistan
01:01to postpone making a decision.
01:04However, only the state signed this agreement with Pakistan.
01:08The Indian government refused to sign any standstill agreement.
01:12Maharaja Hari Singh was facing regular intervention in Pooch district
01:15and lost control in several western districts
01:18because you had these provinces being attacked by Pakistan's tribal militia groups.
01:24This happened on October 22, 1947 and that's when it started.
01:28Thousands of Pashtun tribesmen, also called Kabbali tribes,
01:32backed by the Pakistani army, invaded Jammu and Kashmir,
01:35capturing key towns and inflicting brutalities on common civilians,
01:40burning down villages completely.
01:41The local tribal groups and Pakistani forces tried to capture the capital city of Srinagar as well,
01:48but was stalled after reaching Baramullah.
01:50So the Maharaja panicked, made a plea to Indian government for help.
01:54And India was very clear, we sent a clear message,
01:56if you want our soldiers, you have to be a part of our country.
01:59And so offered assistance subject to signing the instrument of accession to India.
02:04This essentially led to the first Indo-Pak war.
02:08The princely state of Jammu and Kashmir joined the Indian Union on 26th October 1947.
02:14Now following the war between India and Pakistan,
02:17the United Nations intervened, establishing the UNCIP,
02:21which is United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan.
02:25The idea of setting up this commission was to investigate and mediate, as they put it.
02:29The UN Security Council also passed a resolution, Resolution 47,
02:34which called for the withdrawal of Pakistani forces from Kashmir.
02:38Pakistan never actually lived up to that,
02:40despite claiming to agree to some of the provisions of that resolution.
02:45Later, the Karachi Agreement of 1949, mediated by the UN,
02:49established the ceasefire line, which is now known as the Line of Control, the LOC,
02:54effectively dividing Kashmir, occupied by Pakistan, from India.
02:58And that area is called Pakistan-occupied Kashmir.
03:03It has a Muslim-majority population right now.
03:06So other than Pakistan-occupied Kashmir,
03:08let's just break down the division for you of Jawan Kashmir.
03:12In 1963, you had the Shaksgam Valley region,
03:16located in POK, being captured by China,
03:18under a boundary agreement with Pakistan, known as the Sino Park Agreement.
03:23The Aksatrin area is also among other areas part of Ladakh,
03:27stands occupied by China.
03:29The Shaksgam Valley region and Aksatrin are together also known as
03:33China-occupied Kashmir, or COK, besides POK.
03:38India, of course, still has most of Jaman Kashmir,
03:41an area of 1,06,566 square kilometres,
03:45as part of Indian soil.
03:46POK is much smaller at 72,935 square kilometres land,
03:51that's illegally occupied by Pakistan.
03:53Shaksgam area covers about 5,180 square kilometres,
03:58then you have Aksatrin at about 37,555 square kilometres,
04:03those two under Chinese control.
04:05And that's why India's vowed to get back POK,
04:08to free the people of POK from the shackles of Pakistan.
04:19Protests also have raged on for decades
04:22against the Pakistan army in Girgit, Baltistan,
04:24and other parts of POK.
04:26Residents, locals, have repeatedly voiced the opposition
04:29to the illegal occupation of their land.