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  • 2 days ago
2024 | HD

Μέσα από σπάνια φωτογραφικά αρχεία και συναρπαστικές προσωπικές αφηγήσεις, το μοναδικό αυτό ντοκιμαντέρ εξερευνά μια σχετικά άγνωστη πτυχή της ιστορίας της Λήμνου και του εκστρατευτικού σώματος των ANZAC (Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) που συμμετείχε στον Α’ Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο στο πλευρό της Μεγάλης Βρετανίας και των άλλων δυνάμεων της Αντάντ. Το Μάρτιο του 1915, πριν 110 χρόνια ακριβώς, καταγράφονται οι πρώτες αφίξεις χιλιάδων συμμαχικών στρατευμάτων στη Λήμνο, καθώς το νησί μετατράπηκε σε βάση για την εκστρατεία της Καλλίπολης. Ο κόλπος του Μούδρου έγινε το αγκυροβόλιο για έναν από τους μεγαλύτερους στόλους που συγκεντρώθηκαν ποτέ στη σύγχρονη ιστορία. Στη Λήμνο αναπτύχθηκε μια πραγματική βάση υποστήριξης των στρατευμάτων καθ’ όλη τη διάρκεια της εκστρατείας, με νοσοκομεία, μονάδες ανεφοδιασμού, χώρους ανάπαυσης και αποθεραπεία. Σύμφωνα με τον σκηνοθέτη της ταινίας «Οι Anzacs στη Λήμνο βρήκαν έναν γενναιόδωρο λαό και ένα ειρηνικό νησί που τους παρείχε ηρεμία και γαλήνη για να ξεκουραστούν και να αναρρώσουν από την φρίκη της Καλλίπολης.»

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00:00Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWAVE
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04:29ουσπή αυγης πρινός Βυλ Ρος.
04:33Ξοδομένα μπροχαλό φορτος πριν,
04:36όπου φορτος είχε το αρχισθανότητα και ουσπή της σπιάς.
04:41Δεν είναι καθένα με την συμβαλή σχέση.
04:46Ήτανε το επαγγραμματικότητος,
04:48και δημιουργικοί και δημιουργόμασοι.
04:59Ρυσικά η βασικά βασική λεμνος ήταν επίσης λεμνος
05:01ότι είναι κάθε χωρισμό στην Καλίπλι,
05:02κάθε πιστήρες μέρα.
05:05Δεν ήταν μια καλύτερη φαρά,
05:07που ήταν σημαντικό πρότρικό.
05:11Ο Αμιλτή συμμετοχή πρέπει να βγει ο ΜΝΝΟ και να καθεί το ΦΟΕΠΕΛΗΣ ΛΙΤΕΠΕΕΛΕΗ.
05:19Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWA, Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWA, Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWA,
05:49Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWA, YOUNG αποτεθέττε στο μυκλή μεταστή ορι prohibε να βοβ ξεκ savage ομώ διακατιώ psychic συ tonsill μετοκού.
05:57Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWA, Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWA, Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWAVE, και ναifa거βόρΥ .
05:59Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWAVE, συντονες και την εκατά τη σχεδιακία της φτινάud juste Χριστής...
06:03... δηλασία και εύσης μόνος του β fadesτελού μεταστήτους στους δηλασίες στην κατακ suicidoko..
06:09Ωραία είναι μία χώρο και είναι μόνο για φισης και φορές.
06:14Ωραία έχει σημασία και φορές για τον εαρμογραφόμενο.
06:26Η Κυβέρνηση 3, Βρήνηση 3ο έρχονται στην Αρχή.
06:29Ωραία έρχονται στην Μαρχή 1915.
06:32Η πρόοδο ήταν να κατασχοληθεί για την κατασχολή της κατασχολής.
06:36love the troops actually remained on their transports
06:38and they only came off to do the practice.
06:44We arrived on Thursday evening at Lemnos Island.
06:47In our training we had three days march
06:50and bivouac ashore.
06:54We had a full kit on, 50 rounds of ammunition,
06:57one blanket, an oil sheet, three pound of tinned beef
07:02and the same for bread.
07:04Τα τόλου μετά μία 90 χλπ.
07:06Ωραίτησα πάνω από 9 χρόνια,
07:10και τότε χρειάζοντας την ώρα,
07:12και έφυγε το πάνω από το χρειάζοντας το στωρό.
07:15Σε 1915, το πιο δεύτερμα στον χρόνο του Lemnos.
07:20Αυτό είναι ένα σχολό, χωρίς, στους αφούς,
07:24στους συμπτώσεις φάμμου,
07:25και όλοι αυτούς,
07:27τέντες και τέντες χωρίς και χωρίς τέντες χωρίς,
07:31Μπορεί να δημιουργεί το φιλίδι αφήνει,
07:35το πίσω της φιλίδης της λεμνος.
07:43Πρι 1915 λεμνος ήταν πιθανότητα,
07:47το πιθανόματι δημιουργείται πίσωση.
07:49Δημιούν πιθανόματι δημιουργείται
07:52πιο δεύτεροντας πιο τραδιτινότητας,
07:55δεύτεροντας πιθανότητας,
07:57A lot of them were often without shoes
08:01ñ a society and a way of life that was 100 years behind that
08:08of western Europe.
08:10Having said that, they also found these people to be
08:14quite friendly and welcoming.
08:17There's an interesting story, for instance,
08:20of a fellow having a gramophone.
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08:53The National Guard Brigade, which formed the covering party at ANZAC, spent nearly eight weeks in Midrass Harbour, in the Greek island of Lemnos, learning to become marines.
09:03One of the early exercises was to go down rope ladders over the sides of the transport in full marching order, and then to pull in the boats to shore.
09:13There was only a thousand Australians who were able to decamp and go ashore, and the rest of them had to train in the ships or be conveyed to shore to carry out mock landings.
09:25When we first arrived here early in March, it was very cold, boisterous, and wet.
09:32During this period, ours was the only hospital at Lemnos, and there was a very great deal of sickness amongst the five thousand or six thousand troops that first assembled in Mudros Bay.
09:43We had to attend a great many cases of pneumonia, while measles were still rife amongst the men.
09:50The personnel of this hospital was sufficient for 200 cases, but we often had over 400.
09:56Those who were fond of alcoholic refreshment found every facility forgetting it.
10:06By the end of March, every shop sold cognac, wine, and beer.
10:15Holy Week and Easter occurred during our stay on the island, and our men were interested in how this season was observed by the Greeks.
10:22There was a great amount of bell ringing in the churches, and for a day or two, the bells never seemed to stop.
10:31On Easter Day, there were innumerable gifts of dyed Easter eggs from the villagers to our men.
10:41Will left for the landing at Gallipoli with the 3rd Battalion.
10:47And, of course, Nell, they were all caught up in those days with serving king and country.
10:57In fact, so many Australians did.
10:59400,000 out of a population of five million.
11:04I imagine that it was the excitement and the chance to go overseas.
11:09All the people who were left behind were sad when people went away to war.
11:14That's clear from all the records of the time, because it was the unknown.
11:20But then they thought the war would be shorter, and they also were so excited about going away, and thought it was their duty.
11:30The harbour is crowded with transports and man-owar.
11:38The ships are already moving out, and soon we shall be off, and passing down that long line of grey monsters.
11:45The grim sentinels of the sea.
11:48Silent now, but soon to be barking joyously as the end of the fray.
11:53After all the years of waiting.
11:56The Australians at Lemnos had been waiting for the word to go, and the word came on the 23rd of April, which was a Friday.
12:08The first of the ships headed off, and they headed off to the island of Teneros, which is much closer to Gallipoli.
12:15Lemnos to Gallipoli is about three hours steaming, Teneros much closer inside of land,
12:21which is one of the reasons it was not used as a major staging point.
12:26It was used for other things, but it was well within sight of the opposing forces.
12:31We are moving now, so I'll close.
12:35Goodbye old pal, if it must be.
12:38Somewhere across the water, a comet is playing Tosti's goodbye.
12:42It was goodbye.
12:44I wonder.
12:45I arrived off the peninsula and proceeded to our allotted berth.
13:09It's just breaking dawn.
13:14The shrapnel is bursting all along the beach where our boys are landing.
13:20Somehow, you don't seem to worry about landing planks when bullets are clipping the crests of the waves.
13:26To disembark from a boat at Gallipoli, it was a matter of the naval crew rowing them ashore,
13:37and then climbing out with your heavy, heavy pack and your rifle, jumping into the water and racing ashore.
13:44And by then, your feet would be cold, wet, your clothes would be leaden, not a pleasant experience.
13:50With shrapnel or warship shells bursting all along the ridges of the hills,
13:55the sight is weirdly beautiful, yet hellish.
14:00The first of the Anzacs landed about 4.20 and are met by sporadic fire at first,
14:06but that soon becomes quite severe, and then we know what happens after that.
14:12That's where the Anzac story really comes into play.
14:15It was a great sight to see the Indian mountain battery when we landed, rush the hill in front of them.
14:24The barges with the guns and mules had no sooner touched the beach when they were hooked ashore.
14:30The mules made fast to the guns, and with one fiendish yell, they raced for the top.
14:36The Indians kept yelling all the way up.
14:38It's a little known fact really that gets overlooked in history, that it wasn't just the Australian New Zealanders with the British that the Indians were there.
14:50And further reinforcements did arrive later on, the numbers significantly swelled.
14:54The numbers of casualties that were coming off Gallipoli is interesting, and we know that on the first day, they actually considered evacuating completely.
15:12John.
15:15John.
15:16Oh God.
15:17Only 230 left of our battalion.
15:21There's been a ceaseless stream of wounded.
15:24Many cases have died on the way down.
15:27Until in most places, the narrow pass is so cumbered with dead and badly wounded, waiting for the stretches, that it's becoming impassable.
15:36Along the edge, bodies are hanging in all sorts of grotesque and apparently impossible attitudes.
15:45I don't think I shall ever be able to forget this.
15:49It's horrible.
15:53It is a disaster.
15:54Everything went wrong.
15:55They underestimated the Turks.
15:57They overestimated their own capacity.
15:59Once they landed, they then pulled their punch and decided that it was too risky for them to advance.
16:04So in fact, they decide that they need to reinforce this failure and they land more troops.
16:12That's why the campaign lasts for eight months, because they do not concede that it can fail.
16:21Dear Mother,
16:23We have now been here under fire for almost three weeks.
16:26The landing beach is constantly being shelled and we've been bombed, sniped, etc. practically ever since.
16:35The whole of the valley we hold is drenched with the best of Australia's blood.
16:40But the spirit of the men is splendid.
16:43All very well landing the troops.
16:45The real problem now was how to sustain them.
16:48And this, I think, is where Lemnos really comes into the picture.
16:52They recognise that if they don't sustain Lemnos, they're not going to be able to sustain the campaign ashore.
16:58The development of Lemnos as a base is actually really interesting.
17:04Initially, it was planned to be the main base for the Gallipoli campaign.
17:08But there's not enough fresh water to support it as a main base.
17:12And there also weren't enough piers to make it a trans-shipping harbour.
17:16But in May, there's a threat of enemy submarines off the coast of Gallipoli.
17:22So the decision is made to actually make Lemnos increasingly the major trans-shipping harbour for the campaign.
17:31The Third Australian General Hospital left Australia in May 1915 for England.
17:37It was intended originally to place the hospital in northern France.
17:42During our stay in England, events occurred at Gallipoli,
17:45which necessitated the provision of more hospitals in that area.
17:50So we were at short notice offered off to Lemnos.
17:56So what you see as Lemnos develops is an incredible amount of infrastructure,
18:00ships, between 150 and 200 ships in this harbour every day.
18:05Like, it's an incredible development of Lemnos as a military base.
18:10Throughout the entire Gallipoli campaign, those eight months,
18:13Lemnos was critical.
18:15Not just for supplying, but also for evacuating wounded and injured men off Gallipoli to there.
18:24Where they had a number of general hospitals set up,
18:26and a number of stationary hospitals as well.
18:28It was absolute bloodbath, really.
18:43The 14th Sikh Regiment was virtually wiped out in one day of fighting.
18:48From what we understand, it may have just been the British officer that survived.
18:53They did not falter.
18:56They followed their orders to the last man and gave their lives.
19:00The casualties were immense.
19:04There were literally thousands of wounded, especially after the big offensives.
19:09The wounds were also of a kind that they'd never seen before.
19:12So men are blinded and their bodies are literally torn from shrapnel.
19:17In the August offensive, most of the wounded were already suffering from dysentery.
19:21So this is a terrible medical emergency, and it's a medical emergency that goes on day after day.
19:28Initially, Lemnos was considered to be for the lightly wounded.
19:31But one of the real challenges in that policy was that as you were getting these thousands of men coming off the beach,
19:39classifying wounded versus lightly wounded is incredibly difficult.
19:43This is industrialised warfare.
19:47Originally, we were a 200-bed hospital.
19:51Now we have expanded to 1,000 beds.
19:55Number three Australian General Hospital has arrived under Colonel Fiaske.
19:58It will be easily the finest hospital in the Dardanelles expedition.
20:04Our patients include all British troops, excepting Indians.
20:09There are two Indian hospitals on this island.
20:13The French have two hospitals near us, so that we live in a regular atmosphere of carbolic and bandages.
20:20Sunday 8th of August, 40 of the 80 sisters were landed from a lighter onto the shore of Lemnos.
20:32We marched to the strain of bagpipes, two miles in the dark, over a dusty, stony track to our tents.
20:39From August, we see a real ramp up in the number of casualties Lemnos starts to care for, and this is when the nurses first arrive.
20:49And they were devastated when they saw the condition of the men.
20:54Of course, their supplies had actually been delayed.
20:56We are 40 miles from the firing line.
21:00We are the first women to have come this far.
21:03Except, of course, for the nursing sisters on the hospital ships.
21:07Terrible conditions and very difficult nursing, because there was so little they could do for the patients.
21:14They tore up their own clothes to try and treat the patients.
21:16Things were in rather a state of chaos when the wounded began to arrive.
21:22Their dressings, which had been applied on the hospital ships, were saturated and covered in flies.
21:28Dysentery was a scourge on the island.
21:31Many of the wounded fell prey to the disease.
21:36The spirit among these women is quite extraordinary.
21:39They have this ethos of service.
21:41In the Nightingale tradition in which they are trained, service to their patients is the absolute.
21:46paramount quality.
21:48And so they don't care about themselves.
21:49In fact, many of them get sick, but they look after their patients.
21:53Yeah, the word hero is chucked around an awful lot in military history.
21:56But I think we can regard these women as heroes, because they did put themselves last.
22:01They looked after their patients in terrible conditions, in terrible weather, for months.
22:06The population of our peninsula, called Turks Head, is rapidly increasing, and is really a large town under canvas.
22:20Our roads are made by the Turkish prisoners under armed guard, and the ground is cleared of stones by Egyptians and Arabs.
22:33You must have a great laden at a pub.
22:38They were killed by the village.
22:42And many of them had a fire, they would have been cut, and they would have been cut.
22:48And they would have heard this song.
22:50They would have heard the song, with small slogans.
22:54And finally they had to put the gun away from the ground,
22:57που πάμε ήταν να κατέβει το σίδερο, να χτυπήσει την πέτρα, να μει στο χώμα.
23:01Έραγε λοιπόν αυτός.
23:03Α-α-λ-μεντά-δα. Μπουμ.
23:07Με το α-λ-μεντά-δα σηκώναν αυτοί το βαρύ, μεταλλικού τετράγωνο
23:14μαντέμ σίδερο. Μαντέμ ήταν γιατί δεν ήταν σκοτή,
23:18και το χτυπάγαν και έλεγε, α-α-λ-μεντά-δα. Μπουμ.
23:23Α-α-λ-μεντά-δα. Μπουμ, όλη η μέρα.
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25:05που ήταν επιχειρημένα, και μετά φορές δεσκληρώσεις με την Βερφαντή.
25:09Και μετά εξαρτημένα στο Ισπανιστονόζευμα.
25:14Σε αναμπληκτικά στις αυτοίες οι δεσκληρώσεις με τον Αντζάκ,
25:17είναι πολύ συμφωνή για τα μέντες που παραπτύχανε αυτοί καταστίωμες.
25:21Άνιο όλος φορές, και όλες οι φορές που έγιζαν από Γιλπλίπλοι,
25:28μάχινάς γνώμη, τελευταία, στραπνινάρ,
25:34Ειδικά, οι ευρωτές χρειάζονται αντιμετωπημένες αισθανότητας όλους αξιβαίνονται στην κυβελίδα.
25:39Τι περισκόπες είναι αξιολογητή και τα κυβελίδα κυβελίδα έφυγε,
25:42ώρα η λεμμακή επιτυχία έφυγε και το λεμμακή έφυγε.
25:44Δεν υπέροχαν κάποιες δημιουργήσεις,
25:46δημιουργήσεις και τους εξοπημένους δημιουργούς αξιώνουν στην κυβελίδα.
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26:23This facility was established under the command of Major Herschel Harris, a pioneer Sydney radiologist.
26:30This new technology was ground-breaking, enabling fast and accurate diagnosis, reducing the need for surgery and amputation.
26:45Nell leaves in July 1915 and she travels to London and then on to Egypt.
26:52She arrives in Lemnos on the 4th of September 1915.
26:59One morning I was at a church service conducted in the open air. There were hundreds of soldiers and a few nurses.
27:09After it was over and we were about to disperse, a tall bronzed and bearded soldier approached me and put his arms around me, saying, as he kissed me,
27:20little sister. It was Will Rose, who'd been at the Gallipoli landing and whom I'd last seen in Sydney.
27:29It was September and they'd been on the peninsula since the 25th of April.
27:35He'd come to find her on Lemnos while he was on R&R.
27:42And so they hook up. Well, that's what you'd call it now.
27:49But really what it was, was he came over from the rest camp with a couple of mates and when she came off duty,
27:56they would sit and talk, which technically wasn't allowed because nurses were at the officer rank and he wasn't commissioned.
28:06So she technically wasn't allowed to talk to him, but I think probably people turned a blind eye to that and they just talked.
28:15That would have been a lovely break for him after Gallipoli and it would have been lovely for her to see him there.
28:24It wouldn't have been long, a few weeks at the most, and then he had to go back to Gallipoli.
28:31and she came off night duty and saw his battalion marching down, ready to go back.
28:39He broke out of the ranks to say goodbye to her and they struck up that song.
28:45Goodbye Dolly, I must leave you. It's quite moving.
28:50Goodbye Dolly, I must leave you. Though it breaks my heart to go.
28:57I mean you would have expected that he might be killed or injured because she was dealing with people who were injured on Gallipoli all the time.
29:08It would have been I think brutal really to think about that.
29:16There was no time to be sad for long with one's personal sorrow, when men were dying with dysentery in the wards.
29:23Monday, August 9th. Nearly 300 wounded soldiers arrived this morning.
29:35Eighteen patients have died. Some of them were beyond hope when they reached us.
29:42The dead are sewn up in blankets and put on ammunition carts drawn by mules,
29:49and are buried in a cemetery about three miles away.
29:53As many as four are buried at once in separate graves.
29:57And the Church of England's service has read over them.
30:09John Monash becomes Australia's greatest soldier in the Great War.
30:12He commands the Australian Corps in 1918.
30:14But in August 1915, he is a man who was seriously demoralised.
30:19He arguably lost control of his brigade in the August offensive, which failed in the slopes below Chinook Bayeer.
30:26He was demoralised to the point where they took him out of the front line and he was sent to Lemnos for a rest.
30:32And he in fact commanded the rest camp at Sarpy for a few weeks.
30:35And I think that's a sign of both how arduous the Gallipoli campaign was, but also a sign of how useful Lemnos was.
30:42Because Monash and all of his men needed what Lemnos could offer.
30:47And what it could offer was quiet, rest, good food for a change, and a relief from the noise and terror of the battlefield.
30:55From September through to November, troops are taken off Gallipoli and rested at Lemnos.
31:02It becomes a convalescent base and of course, two additional hospitals come in.
31:06Along with British and French hospitals as well, it was of course a multicultural base.
31:14On a fine site at Sarpy, partly isolated by an inlet, but readily accessible to the hospitals,
31:22a relief camp for the ANZAC Corps was formed in September.
31:26And there, the worn formations from the peninsula recuperated,
31:30under conditions which, at first very rough, afterwards greatly improved.
31:40Of course, this is an island that had a long history and a mythology,
31:44going back to ancient times, with Hephaestius Vulcan.
31:49This awareness of the area they were staying in, and the deep and rich ancient history,
31:54was there among the soldiers, but also among the nurses.
31:58And for example, one of the nurses, when she visited Therma,
32:01she wrote about how Helen of Troy had supposedly bathed at Therma as well.
32:07Three months there, and then six miles inland on donkeys to Therma,
32:12where we had our first glorious bath from Hot Springs.
32:15It was good.
32:23With four other chaps, I paid a visit to Therma,
32:26between five and six miles from our encampment.
32:30There, we had a good hot mineral bath, which did us a lot of good,
32:35as it was the first decent bath we had had for about five months.
32:46Here it was more tranquil, the opportunity to mingle with civilians,
32:52having a breakfast and so on, to be able to relax.
32:562
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37:39από την εξαρμόνη της εξαρμόνης.
37:41Όταν οι Τούρκες έχουν να γνωρίζουν ότι οι εξαρμόνης είναι αυγόνες,
37:44θα έτσι θα έρθει και θα έρθει και θα έρθει.
37:48Αυτή είναι πολύ πολύ καρφούλοι πάντα.
37:50Η ιδιαία είναι να κάνεις τους Τούρκες
37:53να πιστείτε το ίδιο και διέμουν το Έντζα και το Ζύλ brutιερμα του Συβλε.
38:00Και έτσι να εκπληκανεί.
38:18Άνθυσσοerve τα έντζα και την εξαρμόνη δεν γνωρίζει χωρίς.
38:21Μετά από τη διάρτηση, μετά από τη διάρτηση από τη διάρτηση του 10 και 19 δημήρα,
38:27βλέπω ακόμα 80,000 ανθρώπους.
38:30Σεβαίνω στις πράγματα, το εμβάχος.
38:34Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWAVE, δεύτερα, ότι βλέπω γαλλιπλί.
38:40Δεύτερα, δεύτερα, δεύτερα, χωρίς στρατουρία.
38:44Και ακόμα, τελειά, χωρίς, όμως, χωρίς, χωρίς.
38:47Της που παράδειγαν, πριν όλοι έκαναν πριν,
38:51αλλά πριν έτοιμαν στην Απη.
38:53Αλλά μητέχα εμάς τους μαζί.
38:59ΟΓΟΥΝΙΟΝΟ 21,
39:01ΟΓΟΝΕΟΝΕΟ,
39:03ΒΟΟΝΙΛΝΙΟΟ, ΒΟΝΟΟΝΙΙΙΣΝΟ,
39:06ΒΟΟΝΟΙΙΟΝΟΙΗΝΟ,
39:07ΒΟΟΝΟΝΙΣΟΝΟ, ΒΟΟΝΟΝΙΟΟ
39:11Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWAVE
39:41Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWAVE
40:12Everyone was in their second childhood, apparently.
40:15And never have I seen so many thousands of delighted men anywhere.
40:22Though it is Lemnos, we had a really merry Christmas.
40:26At 2.30, OC wanted our photos taken.
40:29So, with many a scramble, nearly all the staff turned up.
40:33Some 20 or 30 cameras were levelled at us.
40:36Mr Hale, it blew his whistle, and Savage did the deed.
40:41After, there was one wild scramble to get back to the mess tent.
40:45By January 1916, the Gallipoli Peninsula has been completely evacuated.
40:53The last of the English troops evacuated in January,
40:57and thereafter, Mudros is maintained, to a lesser extent, as an operational naval base.
41:03It was pathetic to see our hospital at Lemnos being dismantled.
41:08We had grown so fond of it, and had done good work there.
41:13Over 7,000 patients were treated, and 2% deaths.
41:20Our patients were very happy with us, and always so bright and cheerful.
41:25There were many inconveniences and discomforts,
41:29and often times we walked through mud ankle-deep.
41:33But, despite these things, we were very happy,
41:37and just loved nursing our brave boys.
41:40Nell goes back to Egypt in January of 1916,
41:52and starts nursing in Abbasia in Egypt,
41:58and she and Will see each other there.
42:01He was in Egypt, and he gave her these stripes,
42:05which he wrote on the back,
42:06Nurses Club Cairo, Tell El Kabir,
42:11to Nell with Love from Will, 20th February 1916.
42:16And that's a picture that he had of her,
42:21and that's his picture with the stripes.
42:25And what's lovely about those stripes
42:27is that the stripes from the other arm were given to his mother,
42:31and they said to Mum with Love from Will.
42:34and Nell sewed on the new stripes,
42:37and then he went off to Fromell and was killed there.
42:43I need to get my hankie out.
42:46He was killed there in July 20th, 1916.
42:53My grandmother would say, pull yourself together.
42:56He died in July 1916.
43:04But the good story about Will
43:07is that he had an unknown grave,
43:11but in 2010 through the work of Lambas Iglisos,
43:19they found graves of Australian soldiers
43:24at Pheasant Wood near Fromell,
43:27and his bones were there.
43:31Through DNA matching,
43:34they found Will,
43:35and he now has a headstone
43:37in the cemetery at Fromell.
43:45The war goes badly for the Ottomans.
43:48Even though they defeat the invasion on Gallipoli,
43:50they lose on every other theatre.
43:52In Arabia, in Palestine,
43:55in Mesopotamia,
43:56gradually the Turks are defeated.
43:58An armistice is signed
44:02between the Entente powers,
44:04Britain and France,
44:06and the Ottoman Empire,
44:07and it's signed on HMS Agamemnon
44:10in Mudros Harbour.
44:14And so the end of the war
44:16comes in Lemnos,
44:18just as the beginning of the war
44:19in the Eastern Mediterranean
44:20started with Lemnos.
44:22The story of the Lemnos nurses
44:26has always fascinated me
44:28because they are such strong women.
44:31Their stories are not as well known
44:32as they should be.
44:33So for me,
44:34to be involved in a project
44:36that involves Lemnos
44:37is an honour.
44:39It's an honour to tell their stories.
44:40Sorry.
44:41I actually got emotional there.
44:50It's an honour to tell their stories
44:52because they always put themselves second
44:54when you read their diaries
44:56and letters.
44:57It's always about the boys.
44:59But they did such amazing work.
45:02They were so dedicated.
45:05So to me,
45:06knowing Lemnos
45:06is to honour them.
45:13In 2015,
45:15when it was 100 years
45:16since the landing at Gallipoli,
45:18I took my mother
45:20to Gallipoli
45:21and the highlight of that trip
45:24was that we visited Lemnos.
45:26My mother by now was 88
45:28and when we got there,
45:30some young women were dressed
45:32in historical nurses' outfits
45:34and they didn't speak English
45:36but my mother had a photo
45:38of her mother
45:38in her nurse's uniform
45:40and these young women
45:42hugged my mother.
45:45It was very moving.
45:46It was actually
45:49a really incredibly special experience
45:51to visit Lemnos myself
45:52in 2020.
45:53When you stand there
45:54and you stand on the ground
45:55and historians often talk
45:57about having boots on the ground,
45:59you really understand
46:00to the extent that you can
46:02not having been there
46:03at the time,
46:04the power of the elements
46:05and the power of the landscape.
46:09She was very proud
46:11of her work there.
46:13I think when you've been
46:16at a place that is
46:17a kind of crossroads place
46:19in your life,
46:20as it was for her,
46:23as it would have been
46:24for all of the Australians
46:25serving on Lemnos.
46:26No battles happened there,
46:32but you can argue
46:33that fateful things
46:34happened there.
46:35It was the last place
46:36lots of Australians saw
46:37before they went to Gallipoli.
46:39It was the place
46:40where Australians were treated
46:41for severe wounds.
46:43It was the place
46:44where they remember
46:44as an oasis of calm
46:46in the madness
46:47of the Gallipoli campaign.
46:49And it was the place
46:49where the war
46:50in the eastern Mediterranean,
46:51the war against
46:52the Ottoman Empire,
46:52ended.
46:53So you can say
46:54that even though
46:54big things didn't happen
46:55on Lemnos,
46:56fateful things
46:57certainly happened
46:58on Lemnos.
47:00If you accept
47:01and acknowledge
47:02the Gallipoli story,
47:04if you have respect
47:06for the Anzac tradition,
47:08then Lemnos
47:09is part of that.
47:11What we fail
47:12to acknowledge
47:13is that there was
47:14this period
47:15of multiculturalism
47:17that existed.
47:18and that included
47:19Sikhs, Indians,
47:20Muslims,
47:22people from all
47:22around the world.
47:24We were there together
47:25in that nation-defining moment.
47:28So on the 25th of April,
47:30as well as remembering
47:31Anzac Cove,
47:31Australians ought to remember
47:32the fact that
47:33other people
47:34became a part
47:35of their Anzac story.
47:36Αυτό που συνδέει
47:40λοιπόν
47:41τους Λιμνιούς
47:42με τους Αυστραλούς
47:43και τους Νεοζηλανδούς
47:45είναι
47:47ο άνθρωπος.
47:49Είναι
47:50ο πόνος
47:51που προκαλεί
47:52η απώλεια,
47:53είναι ο αγώνας
47:55για την επιβίωση
47:57και η φροντίδα,
47:59ο εθελοντισμός,
48:01η αλληλοβοήθεια,
48:03ανθρώπινες αρχές
48:05που γνώριζαν
48:06αυτοί οι απνοί άνθρωποι
48:07μέσα σε τόσο
48:09δύσκολες συνθήκες
48:11πολέμου.
48:12Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWAVE
48:42Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWAVE
48:44Υπότιτλοι AUTHORWAVE
48:45Θεάσα ανοιχόλια
48:46για εργασίες
48:48και στην αλληλία
48:48τη βιβλία
48:49που εκτευχή
48:50ότι γνώριζαν
48:50όλα οι αγσίκες
48:50για ινασχόλοι
48:52και τα αντιδείχαν
48:54θέλεμα
48:54και τα άνθρωπιστικά
48:55που όλοιhak ζεύουν
48:56να συμβεύξουν
48:56.
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