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00:00The Nabataeans came to the Transjordan region in the first century BC.
00:05Their caravan raids were widely feared.
00:08Later they hit upon a more lucrative business idea
00:11and began serving as escorts to caravans en route to the Mediterranean.
00:15They also started trading.
00:17Petra grew into a metropolis
00:19because it was located directly along one of the world's oldest trade routes,
00:24the Incense Road.
00:26Incense, myrrh and spices like saffron, pepper and cinnamon.
00:30Back then all of these items were as valuable as gold
00:34and they stimulated a flourishing international trade.
00:37For a long time it was believed that the Nabataeans had left behind
00:41a golden treasure trove in Al-Khazne, the treasury hidden deep in the cliffs.
00:47The rumour is what lent this place its name.
00:50But the treasure was never found
00:52and now we know that in fact this was a mausoleum
00:55for a Nabataean royal family.
00:57The elaborate facade tells a story of the power of this people
01:01who conquered more and more territory.
01:04At the pinnacle of their power the Nabataeans even conquered Damascus
01:08and laid siege to Jerusalem.
01:10But they had clearly pushed their luck.
01:13The Roman Empire was having none of it
01:15and summarily annexed their territory.
01:18The Nabataeans became Roman vassals.
01:20the kingdom became the Roman province of Petraea.
01:25But why did this formerly flourishing mercantile city ultimately fade?
01:30In the third century mercantile cities like Palmyra in Syria rose up as competitors.
01:36And on top of that Petra was hit by multiple earthquakes.
01:40No one knows exactly why the city was abandoned.
01:47is Blackstone named Panava in Israel.
01:49The Loss of the Tavis
01:50The Cedئes of the Tavis
01:52The Loss of the Tavis
01:55A cage起來