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MEDI1TV Afrique : MEDI1 MORNING - 08/01/2025

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00:00Welcome to a new edition of the Médiamorgue newspaper, here are the headlines.
00:22According to medical sources in the Gaza Strip, several Israeli strikes targeted on Tuesday night the city of Hanounes, in the south of the Palestinian enclave, killing 11 people in 7 years.
00:37In the United States, an impressive fire forced thousands of people to evacuate the hills of Los Angeles, which is under violent winds, spreading flames and posing a mortal danger, according to the authorities.
00:54And then in Niger, on the heights of Sennouf, a few kilometers from the city of Niamey, the rubble buried in the ground attracts many shepherds, harvested and resold. This gold mine allows them to meet their needs.
01:16We start this newspaper with the National Social Security Commission, which announced this Tuesday an exceptional opening of all its perceptions throughout the kingdom on Saturday 11 and Sunday 12 January, in the context of the operation of gracious remittances intended for debtor companies.
01:38In a statement, the CNSS indicates that given the importance of the operation of the gracious remittance to debtor companies, the Commission informs all its affiliates of the exceptional opening of all its perceptions throughout the different regions of the kingdom on Saturday 11 and Sunday 12 January 2025.
02:00This operation, which ends on January 15, 2025, aims, according to the same source, to support debtor companies wishing to leave their credentials and to allow as many of them as possible to benefit from the gracious remittance on delays, restrictions and coverage fees.
02:18The CNSS recalls that this remittance applies to all credentials related to the period of December 2024 and earlier, according to the debacle established according to the payment delay.
02:31In the Middle East, medical sources in the Gaza Strip reported that several Israeli strikes had targeted the city of Khan Younes on Tuesday evening in the south of the Palestinian enclave, killing 11 people and 7 children.
02:44At least five strikes hit sectors of Khan Younes in the area of al-Mawassi, where thousands of Palestinians displaced live in tents.
02:56Four children were killed when a drone strike hit their tents in the area of al-Mawassi, reported the Ministry of Health of the Gaza Strip, according to the civil defense.
03:07Two other people were killed when a strike targeted a car in Khan Younes. Five other people, including three children, were also killed.
03:16Several were injured in a separate strike on a house still in Khan Younes, according to a report published yesterday by the Ministry of Health of the Gaza Strip.
03:27At least 45,885 people, mainly civilians, have been killed in Gaza since the beginning of the war on October 7, 2023.
03:40And in the news also in the United States, an impressive fire forced thousands of people to evacuate the hills on the outskirts of Los Angeles yesterday,
03:49which is under violent winds, spreading flames and posing a deadly danger, according to the authorities.
03:56The fire broke out late in the morning in the neighborhood of Pacific Palisade. It has already ravaged nearly 1,200 hectares.
04:05Authorities say that many structures have already been destroyed, explained the governor of California, Gavin Newsom, at a press conference on Tuesday evening.
04:16About 30,000 people are under the effect of an evacuation order, according to the authorities.
04:22No injured, but for the moment to be deplored. Many inhabitants were evacuated in panic.
04:27Many found themselves stuck in the bushes. The fire broke out at the worst possible time for Los Angeles, swept away by violent gusts, hot winds of Santa Ana.
04:40Typical of the winter, Californians have to blow up to 160 km per hour in the region, according to the American Meteorological Service,
04:49enough to spread the flames very quickly and pose a deadly danger.
04:57Tunisia is experiencing a serious supply crisis.
05:01Domestic gas canisters are destined for household consumption.
05:07A situation that concerns most citizens, whether in urban or rural areas.
05:13Nejo Bechar, from Tunisia.
05:16In the governorate of Kairouan, located 150 km southwest of the capital Tunis,
05:23Sahbi, a resident of this city, travels 7 km on foot to get a domestic gas bottle.
05:34With the decrease in temperatures and the cold wave, finding a domestic gas bottle has become a hard and tiring daily task.
05:43Imagine that we traveled long distances, 7 km and more, to get a gas bottle,
05:51knowing that there are women and elderly men who cannot travel these distances.
05:57These last days, citizens are facing great difficulties to get gas bottles.
06:03Lines of waiting are losing sight in front of supply and distribution stations, waiting for the arrival of some.
06:14I have been looking for a natural gas bottle for three days.
06:17Today, I left my house at 5 am, but I did not find a single bottle in all the districts of Kairouan.
06:23Today, the available gas bottles are sold secretly at exorbitant prices,
06:29going up to two or even three times the initial price.
06:33Today, we no longer know where to start with these persistent shortages in raw materials.
06:39We have to look for sugar, semolina or tea.
06:43According to experts, the crisis began due to the delay of the ship from Algeria to the port of Bizerte,
06:51as well as the aftermath of the incident that occurred in March 2024 in a refilling center.
06:59Unfortunately, we had a supply problem during the last two weeks,
07:04which posed a challenge to the producers.
07:07There was no production when demand was at a peak.
07:10Currently, the crisis is partially resolved, especially in Greater Tunisia.
07:15The crisis has preserved ship arrivals from Algeria, but in the north of the country,
07:23so the crisis remains and is being resolved gradually.
07:29The President of the Union Chamber of Domestic Gas Bottle Distributors
07:34said that following the incident that occurred in March 2024,
07:39the RADS refilling center is currently recording a production loss
07:45estimated at between 10,000 and 15,000 bottles per day,
07:50while it was previously able to produce between 180,000 and 200,000 bottles per day,
07:57without any alternative to compensate for this decrease in capacity.
08:03On its part, and to reassure citizens,
08:06the Ministry of Energy estimated in a statement
08:10that the situation should return to normal soon
08:14with the arrival of 12 new natural gas vessels.
08:22We are going to Niger, on the heights of Seno, a few kilometers from the city of Niamey,
08:30on these hills that overshadow the capital,
08:33where the gravels buried in the ground attract many harvested and resold riverbanks.
08:39This outcrop allows them to meet their family needs,
08:43a trend that attracts more and more candidates every day.
08:47Report with our correspondent Jean-Gibril Wilya.
08:52On these heights that overshadow the Nigerian capital,
08:55it is at the first light of day that Asia begins its working day.
09:00Made from a simple pickaxe, this mother of family will spend several hours digging the ground,
09:05a forced labor in search of stones and gravel intended for resale.
09:11The ground of the mountain is very hard in some places,
09:14but you have to dig to access quality stones.
09:17It took me a month to do the work you see behind me,
09:20you see a lot of others around you,
09:23and we can sell them for up to 35,000 Sifas depending on the quantity harvested.
09:29On this rugged and difficult terrain to access,
09:32they are a handful like her,
09:34digging the ground in search of the brown stone used in construction.
09:38A difficult job, but which nevertheless allows them to meet the needs of these riverbanks families.
09:44My husband is not working at the moment,
09:47and I am forced to meet the needs of the family.
09:50I climb the hill every day,
09:52and I spend hours digging and plowing the ground to collect stones.
09:56It is very difficult, but thanks to this,
09:58my children are enrolled in school and have enough to eat in the evening.
10:03A hard labor, which however does not discourage any new candidates.
10:07Among them, Moussa Abdou, engaged as a guardian,
10:10on this plot of land offered for sale.
10:13And for him, no need to climb the hill to access the precious deposits.
10:19All these lands you see belong to individuals,
10:22and I am in charge of ensuring the guard.
10:24At first, I was content to observe these women,
10:26then I decided to do like them.
10:28And my advantage is that I already live on the mountain,
10:31so I just have to dig right next to my house,
10:34and it is an additional source of income.
10:37And for him, as for all the exploiters of this open-air quarry,
10:41no need to move to sell.
10:44Here, the brown stone attracts many customers,
10:47who come to negotiate prices lower than on the market,
10:50for a material essential to modern construction.
10:54Now, let's move on to the guest of the major newspaper,
10:58Média1 Morning.
11:00A month after the fall of Bashar al-Assad,
11:03the United States has announced a relief
11:06for a duration of six months of sanctions against Syria.
11:10But the US administration will continue to monitor
11:14the evolution of the situation on the ground.
11:18To talk about it, we are live with Mr. Mohamed Abedin Al-Yatewi,
11:23a professor and researcher in strategic studies
11:26at the National College of Defense in Abu Dhabi.
11:29Mr. Mohamed Abedin Al-Yatewi,
11:34hello and thank you for accepting our invitation.
11:38Hello and thank you for your invitation.
11:41So, the Biden administration has decided
11:46to partially lift some economic sanctions imposed on Syria.
11:52This measure mainly concerns humanitarian financial transactions
11:57and certain energy sectors.
12:00Is this a significant change in American policy
12:04vis-à-vis Syria?
12:06Yes, it is a significant change.
12:08And in fact, the Americans, like many other regional and international actors,
12:12are taking action on the change that took place in Syria
12:15and on the control by the HTS and its friends
12:19of the different levels of power.
12:21They are trying to rebuild this country,
12:23which has been suffering for almost 14 years now.
12:26And so it is a state of more than a real appreciation
12:31of the people who took power in Damascus a month ago.
12:36The lifting of American sanctions in Syria
12:41is a decision that is part of a humanitarian approach.
12:46Is it enough to face a Syria mined by 14 years of war?
12:53No, it is clearly insufficient for the moment.
12:55In fact, this is the minimum that has been done,
12:57since certain transactions will now be allowed,
13:00as you said, for everything that concerns humanitarian issues.
13:03The Syrians from abroad, the whole diaspora,
13:06people who have been refugees or others who have found a status in other countries,
13:11will now be able to send money to Syria.
13:14So it will obviously help the reconstruction,
13:16since we are talking about almost 5 million people.
13:19And then there is also the priority
13:21of having foreign funding from different states.
13:24The United States, for example, is being placed for the reconstruction.
13:27Turkey, of course, Qatar, which wants to rebuild,
13:30since everything is to be done again,
13:32the infrastructures and also the energy needs,
13:34whether it is oil, gas or electricity.
13:37So obviously we are at the beginning.
13:40And all the sanctions that existed concerning the Assad clan
13:44and the individual sanctions, such as the ban on travel
13:47or the freezing of certain bank accounts,
13:49all this persists, of course.
13:51So here we are really at the first phase
13:53and I think there will be reliefs to come
13:56in the next few weeks or in the next few months.
13:59Mr. El-Seyoui, the future of Syria is still tinged with certain uncertainties.
14:07Is it still too early to lower all the sanctions,
14:13given the prevalent role of the HTC in the current government?
14:20The transition phase is only just beginning,
14:22since, as we will see, Assad fell a month ago,
14:25barely a little more than a month.
14:27We are in a transition phase that should last several months,
14:30or even several years.
14:32Al Joulani, the HTC boss,
14:34has very clearly said that there will be no constitution before three years
14:37and no election before four years.
14:39So it may last.
14:41Now everyone is in a real political situation,
14:44having to adapt to the new requirements,
14:47to the new considerations of this group.
14:49But this group itself will have to be inclusive,
14:52as a number of international actors are asked,
14:54including Americans and Europeans.
14:56We remember that the French and German ministers of foreign affairs
14:59were in Damascus last week
15:02and that there is the regional tour of the new minister of foreign affairs.
15:07And all the actors ask for inclusiveness
15:09due to the ethnic and religious diversity of Syria.
15:13So the HTC will also have to make concessions
15:16and continue to be pragmatic, as it has been for a month,
15:19if it wants a decrease or even a disappearance of the sanctions in the long run.
15:25But also, the most important thing for it,
15:27is to receive funds to be able to rebuild a country
15:30that has lost 85% of its GDP,
15:34and a currency that is no longer worth anything, unfortunately.
15:37The lifting of the sanctions will certainly allow
15:41the improvement of access to humanitarian aid
15:44and limited financial transfers in targeted sectors.
15:51But will it also be able to restart economic exchanges with Syria?
15:56Will there be an impact on the Syrian economy?
16:02At the moment, it will be very difficult with these sanctions reductions,
16:07or at least the suspension of certain sanctions,
16:09to go towards a complete reconstruction of the Syrian economy.
16:13Other instruments will be needed.
16:15The Central Bank will have to be reorganized,
16:19solidified, and then it will also be necessary
16:21that a whole sector of the economy is put in place,
16:24especially the commercial part, as you said,
16:27without forgetting the investment part that I mentioned just before.
16:30So, we are still at the beginning of this process,
16:34which will be a process that will last for years,
16:36and the reconstruction of Syria, in the best case,
16:39will take 15 to 20 years.
16:41This is in a situation of stability and continuity of the State.
16:4615 to 20 years, and experts estimate that it would take at least 400 billion dollars.
16:51As you can see, the road is still very, very long.
16:54Several European countries,
16:56especially France and Germany,
16:59have praised this initiative to ease sanctions
17:04as a pragmatic step towards improving living conditions in Syria.
17:09Germany is in favor of easing certain sanctions imposed by the European Union.
17:15Could this measure encourage other initiatives
17:20to ease sanctions as part of a more global approach?
17:27Very clearly.
17:28We can see that the Americans and Europeans are moving.
17:31There are a lot of sanctions that have been imposed internationally
17:34and that will certainly soon be reduced and eventually disappear.
17:39But we can see that all this is taking time
17:42and that the Europeans are also aware of this.
17:44And this is the real politics that speaks,
17:46just like the Americans, that if they do not immediately place themselves,
17:49other actors, Turkey and Qatar that I mentioned,
17:52will place themselves to rebuild this country.
17:55At the same time, we think of the Turkish PTP companies
17:57that are already on the move for the reconstruction of Syrian infrastructures.
18:02And we see that Qatar proposes to be a supplier of energy,
18:06obviously, because it is a large gas producer.
18:09So the Europeans also need to position themselves.
18:12The European economy is suffering for the most part, not all, but a lot.
18:16And in particular the French and German economies.
18:19And we see that Syria could be, let's say, a playground for their companies
18:24in order to rebuild Syria and also in order for them,
18:29these countries, to generate activity for their companies.
18:33The Americans are also exactly on the same line.
18:36And we will see how President Trump will act from January 20.
18:40I remain convinced that he will show pragmatism in business.
18:45For the new Syrian leader, Ahmad al-Sharia,
18:48the organization of an electoral scrutiny
18:52could be necessary until four years before the election.
18:59It will be necessary to rewrite the constitution,
19:02a task that could take two or three years,
19:05as declared by Ahmad al-Sharia.
19:10What do you think?
19:13Could this be done more quickly, given the urgent needs of Syria?
19:21It seems very, very difficult to do it, let's say, more quickly,
19:25since we are in a process of reconciliation.
19:28Syria must, in fact, somehow overcome two difficulties.
19:33The difficulty of the civil war and the difficulty of the Assad regime,
19:37which lasted 54 years, and a civil war that lasted 14 years.
19:40So, for the first time in a very long time,
19:42the Syrians will have to sit around a table
19:44and find a way of life between communities,
19:47ethnic communities, religious communities,
19:50so that everyone has their place and that no one feels put aside.
19:55And we must not forget that the territory is far from being completely controlled
19:59by al-Joulani and his men from the HDS.
20:02In the south, we see that there is a rebellion of ruse on the coast,
20:06everywhere it is an attack.
20:07We see that many of the pro-Assad Alawites
20:10continue to challenge the new authorities.
20:12And in the north-east, we have the Kurds of the FDS and the YPG,
20:19who also continue to want to maintain a form of autonomy.
20:24Not to mention the northwest, which is completely controlled by the HDS,
20:27which is directly linked to Ankara and which depends on Ankara.
20:31So, we see that in all these elements, put end to end,
20:33writing a constitution with a territory that is always politically fragmented
20:38and without unique governance,
20:40it seems normal to do it in at least three years,
20:44the time to put everyone around the table and find an agreement
20:47that allows everyone to have their place
20:49and see their rights, both political and civil, respected.
20:55Do you think that Ahmad Dachar is likely to be permanently imposed
21:01at the head of the country, here the organization of an electoral scrutiny?
21:06I think that for the moment, he is doing almost without fault,
21:10since we see that he managed to change his image of an international terrorist
21:14to that of interim head of state
21:17who receives a whole bunch of foreign leaders.
21:20So, it's already a spectacular bet that he managed to implement in a very short time.
21:28It remains to be seen if he will continue to maintain a form of leadership
21:33with his own coalition.
21:35And then it remains to be seen how the rest of the territory will evolve.
21:40As I said before, there are several areas that remain uncontrolled.
21:43And it remains to be seen if his pragmatism, in the end,
21:47could not also make him lose a part of his base.
21:50This is also a risk for him.
21:52So, everything is still on the table.
21:54For the moment, he is managing the situation very well
21:56and he is the undisputed leader of this new regime, I want to say,
21:59which is being put in place.
22:01And we can see very well that things are going very fast
22:03and the slightest misstep could cost him dearly,
22:06both with internal tensions and with external appetites
22:11that will remain.
22:12Because Syria will remain for a long time
22:14the playground of regional and international power.
22:19Mr. Mohamed Badine Liatioui, thank you for all these clarifications.
22:24Thank you for answering our questions.
22:26And I remind you that you are a professor,
22:29researcher in strategic studies at the National College of Defense in Abu Dhabi.
22:35Thank you very much.
22:40This is how this edition ends.
22:43Thank you for following this program on Mediàtrevue.