Electrosphere Presentation Conducted at PSCMR Collage : ఆధునిక యుగంలో సాంకేతికత అతివేగంగా మారిపోతోంది. రోజుకో కొత్త ఆవిష్కరణ పుట్టుకొచ్చి పాత వస్తువులు పక్కకు వెళుతున్నాయి. ఎలక్ట్రానిక్‌ ఉపకరణాల తయారీకి గతంలో ఎలాంటి వస్తువులను వినియోగించేవారో నేటితరం విద్యార్థులకు తెలియదు. పాఠ్యపుస్తకాల్లోనే కనిపించే అలాంటి వాటిని ప్రత్యక్షంగా చూపించేందుకు ప్రయత్నించారు విజయవాడ PSCMR ఇంజనీరింగ్‌ కళాశాల విద్యార్థులు. ఎలక్ట్రోస్పియర్‌ పేరిట నిర్వహించిన ఆ శాస్త్ర విజ్ఞాన ప్రదర్శన విశేషాలు ఈ కథనంలో తెలుసుకుందాం.
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00:30The students are looking at how the world would have been in ancient times in their textbooks.
00:34As a result of years of research, these students have come to know that new inventions and new signs have come into existence in the electrosphere.
00:44Music
00:59From the electronic devices used in ancient times to today's robo-technology have been demonstrated in the electrosphere in Vijayawada Potti Sriram's Engineering College.
01:11Hundreds of students from other colleges who attended the demonstration listened to these details with interest.
01:17Music
01:37In the modern era, electronics and semiconductors are changing rapidly.
01:42Once upon a time, the significance was only resistors, inductors and capacitors.
01:46To find out the difference, this girl has demonstrated this electronic device in detail.
01:52She describes the types of resistors, inductors and capacitors and their uses.
01:58Resistors, inductors and capacitors are the basic components of electronics.
02:02There are fixed resistors and variable resistors.
02:05We have displayed resistors in 150 years of variation.
02:11We can see that inductors and capacitors are also the basic components.
02:15We show power variations in resistors.
02:18These are the basic types of inductors.
02:20We use different types of inductors and transformers here.
02:24These are the mini versions of capacitors.
02:27Nurjahan has explained how electricity meters and keyboards work, how old PCBs were, and what changes have been made.
02:38This is an analog meter.
02:40We use this under weighing machines and speedometers.
02:43These are the types of PCBs.
02:45PCB is nothing but Printed Circuit Board.
02:48We have boards from 150 years.
02:51These are the updated versions of these boards.
02:54These are flexible PCB boards.
02:56These are mostly used in remotes, TV, monitors, laptops, keyboards.
03:03This is the basic browser.
03:05This is the encoder.
03:06Encoder is nothing but the number of bits that we convert into single bits.
03:11Video and audio calls are made with smartphones.
03:15Krishnasai explains how data transfer codes were used in the past.
03:21For example, if we want to transfer a message saying Hi,
03:25Hi has a different Mars code.
03:27HCO has a different Mars code and ICO has a different Mars code.
03:30When a transmitter transmits a signal using this code,
03:34the receiver receives the data through the air channel.
03:42In the present technologies, time taking processes are reduced.
03:47Data collapse does not occur.
03:49But we have not stopped using these.
03:51Now, if you look at the sea or submarines,
03:54it is not possible to build a tower there.
03:56So, we are still using the ancient process of Mars code.
03:59For data storage, there used to be gramophone records.
04:03Moti Charan explains what changes have been made to hard disks and pendrives.
04:08Gramophone is used to record songs and play them.
04:13This is a 512 MB hard disk.
04:19This is a 20 GB hard disk.
04:21This is a 250 GB hard disk.
04:24This is a video cassette.
04:26This is a magnetic audio cassette.
04:30Before CDs and DVDs were used, floppy disks were used.
04:34Now, we have a pendrive.
04:37Professor Surya says that if we use this robot in hospitals and Mars,
04:40we can destroy viruses.
04:44We have created this microbial disinfection robot with Advitya Robotics.
04:49There is a lot of virus content in hospitals.
04:54We can kill the virus by emitting ultraviolet rays.
04:59We can control it using a remote and line following techniques.
05:04Based on sensors, this student is explaining about bird feeding system.
05:11Since we cannot feed birds outside, we have developed a product.
05:16We provide power from sunlight.
05:22We provide grains and water.
05:26There is an ultrasonic sensor.
05:28We can see if a bird has come or not.
05:31We have installed a soil moisture sensor to detect the water level.
05:37It indicates the water level.
05:39We have used a lot of Arduino boards.
05:44This is an SMTS.
05:46We provide power from this.
05:48If we connect this WiFi module to a nearby network,
05:52we can receive data from the phone.
05:55Last year, Lasya explained how microcontrollers and microprocessors work.
06:02This is 8085 and 8086 microprocessor.
06:07Based on this processor, we have developed further technology.
06:13There is a microcontroller called 8051.
06:17We have used Arduino boards to develop IoT related projects.
06:30Students have understood the importance of sensors in the field of electronics.
06:36This is a soil moisture sensor.
06:38This is a resistor.
06:40This is a capacitor.
06:42This is a sound sensor.
06:45This is a pressure sensor.
06:47This gives us data.
06:49There is an object at a distance of 100 meters.
06:51We get readings from this ultrasonic sensor.
06:54This is a GPS module.
06:56This is a GPS active antenna.
06:58This is a WiFi module.
06:59This is a LoRa module.
07:00This is a Bluetooth module.
07:01This is a LoRa antenna.
07:02This is a ZigZag module.
07:03In the past, diodes were used for radio and TV.
07:07Likitha showed students diodes that are not used in our country.
07:12In the past, diodes were used for radio and TV.
07:15But now, we are using silicon diodes.
07:22Diodes are still in use.
07:24Diodes are used in England and London.
07:29Diodes are used in two terminals, three terminals, tetrod, pentrod, double diode, double triode.
07:35Diodes act under the voltage and amplifier switch.
07:38Diodes are also used for amplification.
07:40Electrosphere is the aim of the teachers to teach the students about the history of science.
07:48First year students have studied physics.
07:51They have studied many components.
07:54But they don't know about electronics.
07:58So, before they come to engineering,
08:01Electronics and communication engineering department is trying to see these components.
08:10This is a technology that is 150 years old.
08:12How did it change?
08:13This is the present technology.
08:14We are increasing the opportunities.
08:16We can use these components and develop products.
08:20This is to create awareness for the students.
08:21We display products here.
08:23Instead of explaining, we take each component and use it.
08:28How clearly did they explain?
08:30First year students will benefit from this.
08:32Students from PSCMR have explained how electronic components, which were once very expensive, have now become affordable.
08:40Students who came to the exhibition say that electrosphere is a good opportunity to see old and new forms.