According to Maxwell theory of electromagnetic radiation, a charged body moving under the influence of attractive forces loses energy continuously in the form of electromagnetic radiation. Thus, the electron is a charged body and it should emit radiations while revolving around the nucleus. As a result of this, the electron should lose energy at every turn and move closer and closer to the nucleus following a spiral path. Consequently, the orbit will become smaller and smaller and finally the electron would fall into the nucleus. In other words, the atom should collapse.
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LearningTranscript
00:00In electromagnetic theory, a charged particle that experiences acceleration will emit electromagnetic waves.
00:09If we look at Rutherford's atomic model, electrons are negatively charged particles,
00:16and objects that move in a circle have centripetal acceleration.
00:21So, the movement of electrons around the nucleus is the movement of charged particles that experience acceleration.
00:29So, the electrons will emit electromagnetic waves with a certain frequency during their movement.
00:36Let's assume that visible light is red.
00:40This includes radiation, which is a form of energy transfer.
00:54This means that the total energy of the electrons will continue to decrease over time.
01:01This results in a reduction in orbital radius.
01:06Now the electrons take a spiral path.
01:09Later, the electrons will fall into the nucleus.
01:13In other words, the Rutherford atomic modes indicate the instability of the atomic nucleus.
01:19This was the first weakness of Rutherford's atomic model.
01:35During its movement in a spiral trajectory, the angular velocity of the electron will increase as the orbital radius decreases.
01:44Thus, the frequency of radiation waves will increase.
01:49In other words, the wavelength will decrease.
01:52In visible light, the color of electromagnetic waves will change from red to purple continuously.
02:05If a detector is placed around this atom, then we will get the entire visible light spectrum.
02:20However, hydrogen and other gases apparently only emit electromagnetic waves with certain wavelengths.
02:27Not all colors, or are discrete, can also be called a line spectrum.
02:33This also cannot be explained by Rutherford's atomic model.
02:40Because it has several weaknesses, several experts began working to obtain a new atomic model.
02:47We will discuss this in the next tutorial.
02:51Thank you for watching this video.