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00:00We had turned down on Elm Street, maybe 150 feet, and as I was scanning to my left I heard
00:10this explosive noise from the rear over my right shoulder.
00:15It appears as though something has happened in the motorcade route.
00:22Something, I repeat, has happened in the motorcade route.
00:25In the aftermath of the assassination of JFK, there are some key questions that need to be asked.
00:30Now you'll excuse me if I am out of breath. The bulletin, this is from the United Press from Dallas.
00:35President Kennedy and Governor John Colony have been cut down by assassins bullets in downtown Dallas.
00:40There's shock, there's horror. They need to show that the country is in safe hands.
00:45The Dallas police immediately turned their attention to the book depository.
00:48Oswald was left free to wander out of the front door of the book depository,
00:52where apparently he was stopped by a secret service agent.
00:55At the entrance of the building, he was stopped by a police officer.
00:59He told the police officer, well, he's all right. He works safe. He needn't hold in.
01:04Seventy minutes after the shots are fired, the Dallas police arrest Lee Harvey Oswald.
01:09And some extra news which has come in since we started.
01:12A 24-year-old man, Lee H. Oswald, was arrested by Dallas police in connection with the murder of the policeman.
01:18Officer McDonald started to grapple with the man as he reached for a gun which was concealed under his shirt.
01:24I didn't shoot anybody, sir. I haven't been told what I'm here for.
01:28I'm just a taxi.
01:31The fact that he could not interrogate him and find out his motive and exactly why he did this,
01:37has created all the room for conspiracies of all kinds. And there's a new one every day.
01:43The man with a gun, it's absolute panic. Oswald had been shot.
01:48The man who shot Lee Oswald has been identified as Jack Ruby, R-U-B-Y.
01:54He runs a place in Dallas called the Carousel Club.
01:56The questions have to be asked.
01:58Who was Jack Ruby and why did he shoot Lee Harvey Oswald?
02:02We need to go back and truly discover who Jack Ruby was and why he was involved.
02:07We need to go back and truly discover who he is involved.
02:37The Carousel Club
03:05You have to start with JFK's father, Joseph P. Kennedy. He's the one who built up the family's wealth.
03:12He speculated in the unregulated stock market before the 1929 Wall Street crash,
03:20cashed out of that before that happened and invested in things like real estate and in the film industry and in many other places.
03:28Robert Kennedy, his brother who had been his campaign manager, so he was sort of visible there.
03:36With John F. Kennedy's presidency there emerged something of a split in the family.
03:40His father, Joseph, was outwardly a respected businessman and former ambassador.
03:45However, it's long been thought that he was heavily involved with the mob and had been since the 1920s.
03:51His relationship with Jimmy Hoffa and the Teamsters came under particular strain when,
03:56after what some would call a bought election result in Illinois that put JFK in the White House,
04:01John, and in particular Bobby, continued to pursue Hoffa and his associates.
04:06The Kennedy brothers not only failed to restore the mob interest in Cuba,
04:10they also continued to play rough with them on the home front.
04:13And to Hoffa's view, this was a betrayal, a double cross.
04:18Was this a reason for revenge?
04:20Well, I think the only important thing really is whether we get legislation to deal with the problems.
04:24I think we've uncovered the fact that there are many difficulties,
04:28that there has been misuse of union funds, misappropriation of union funds,
04:31that there have been gangsters and hoodlums that have taken over unions.
04:35The dominant element of the Mafia in the Midwest was the Chicago outfit,
04:39who rose to power in the 1920s through the Prohibition years under Al Capone and Johnny Torino.
04:46In Chicago, unlike New York, over the years, Chicago was in the outfit, in organized crime.
04:53They were getting away from the violence in Chicago, unlike New York.
04:58Chicago was more underground.
05:00Their influence spread from both California and Nevada through to Florida.
05:04Three of the most influential heads were Sam Giancarna of the Chicago mob,
05:09Santo Traficante in Florida and Cuba, and Carlos Marcelo, based in New Orleans.
05:15The Kennedy family grew up around that. They knew these people.
05:19This wasn't just sort of a political connection for the sake of an election.
05:24His links with the film industry brought him into connection with celebrities,
05:29which then sort of feeds into JFK's later career.
05:34I'm sure in campaign headquarters behind the scenes, they're saying,
05:38well, you know, get Frank Sinatra, you know, play that up. He's really well known.
05:43Frank Sinatra introduced Judith Exner to John F. Kennedy in 1960.
05:47It's Mr. John Fitzgerald Kennedy.
05:49And it was the beginning of a long-running affair between the two of them.
05:52Well, I think a tremendous amount is being revealed right now that many journalists turn their heads against,
06:01or about-face, I should say.
06:04They had no intention of writing anything about Jack Kennedy and his private life.
06:08At the same time, Exner was having an affair with Sam Giancarna
06:12and was acquainted with Johnny Rosselli, who worked for Giancarna.
06:15And it was Johnny Rosselli that was absolutely instrumental in wiping clean
06:19any record of JFK's earlier marriage in 1947.
06:24Jury Malcolm was a Palm Beach socialite who had dated JFK's older brother, Joe Kennedy Jr.
06:29After Joe Jr.'s death in World War II, JFK took up with her.
06:33And astonishingly, documents from the time seemed to show that they eloped
06:37and were married in 1947.
06:40This didn't suit the Kennedy family plan, and the marriage was quietly annulled
06:44while a more suitable candidate was groomed for Joseph's eldest surviving son.
06:48This was not great politics because it gave the Mafia a hold over the future president.
06:52Supposedly, Joseph Kennedy had actually struck a deal with Giancarna
06:56on the basis that if he could secure the union vote for the presidency,
07:00then he'd get the then-president to lay off the Mafia in the future.
07:04No one wants to admit the truth.
07:07They somehow think I'm destroying Jack Kennedy.
07:11He used to make sarcastic remarks to me that your boyfriend wouldn't be president if it wasn't for me.
07:17We're also aware that J. Edgar Hoover, head of the FBI, actually sat down with Kennedy
07:23and told him that both he and Robert Kennedy were aware of the affair and suggested that he back off.
07:28Immediately after his inauguration as President of the United States,
07:32Jonathan Kennedy appointed his brother Robert Kennedy as the Attorney General.
07:36He then made it a priority to clamp down on organized crime.
07:41Robert Kennedy is trying to convince Hoover that the FBI needs to refocus.
07:45That actually organized crime is one of the biggest threats to the nation.
07:51Went after Sam Giancarna, implicating Judith Exner within the process.
07:55Giancarna then felt betrayed.
07:58He was incensed, having done a deal with Joseph Kennedy to secure the votes using the unions,
08:04and then in return getting the presidency to back off putting pressure on the Mafia.
08:10To then find out that Robert Kennedy was focused on organized crime was a major problem for him.
08:15Whatever the reason, and believing that they were protected by their high office,
08:19John and Bobby were willing to renege on their father's promises to the mob
08:23and continued to crack down on organized crime.
08:26Jack Ruby is clearly a major character in the assassination story.
08:49Jack is a very emotional person.
08:51Like, people know, all the people that know him, know him as an emotional person.
08:55He was born Jacob Rubenstein in Chicago, dropped out of school, running errands for Al Capone
09:00and became an agent for the Refuse Collector's Union, which was later to become part of the Teamsters,
09:06and eventually becoming owner of the Members Only Sovereign Club,
09:10which later changed names to the Carousel Club, becoming what was effectively a public strip joint.
09:16He had ties to Giancarna, Traficante and Marcello families.
09:20What kind of man was Jack Ruby or is Jack Ruby?
09:23Well, I believe he was a nice employer to me.
09:28I believe he's a highly nervous person.
09:31I don't really like to give my own opinion.
09:34The clubs were frequented by the police, organizing prostitutes, free drinks and the like.
09:38An ideal situation for developing close links with the police and the FBI as an informant.
09:43It has also been suggested because of Ruby's links with the Chicago outfit,
09:48that the Carousel Club was also a major hub for organized crime.
09:52One of the things that the CIA starts exploring is the possibility of using the mob to do something about Castro and Cuba.
10:07So it starts to have conversations with mobsters like Sam Giancarna, Rosselli.
10:14And it says to them, what can you do down there in Cuba? We know you're angry.
10:19The relationship between the United States and Cuba deteriorated rapidly.
10:23The CIA had made numerous assassination attempts on Castro.
10:27And since Cuba was the one place where their and the mob's interests coincided,
10:31there was no reason not to use mob hitmen to carry them out.
10:35We've certainly been aware of the information that Mr. Rosselli was testifying before a Senate committee in Washington.
10:42That he had assisted, apparently assisted the CIA, in setting up alleged assassination plots of Castro
10:50by his influence with organized crime.
10:53And if you're the mob, and you're in the business of having dirt on people,
10:59dirt that you can weaponize and leverage for your own purposes,
11:04it's quite advantageous, isn't it?
11:06Doing something for President Kennedy that President Kennedy doesn't want the world to know about.
11:11That's quite useful political dirt to have on such a powerful individual.
11:15Castro shut down organized crime on Cuba, seizing the assets of Traficante,
11:20and having imprisoned him for a period, eventually deported him and declaring him as an undesirable alien.
11:25Before Castro came along, you had all these lucrative casinos and restaurants
11:31and other scurrilous mob type stuff going on down there, prostitution rings, you name it.
11:36We know you're angry, because since Castro's come in,
11:39all those ill-gotten canes that have been coming up padding your bank balances have been taken away.
11:45There is little doubt that Jack Ruby visited Havana in the summer of 1959.
11:50That time, Santo Traficante was being held in prison.
11:54He'd been arrested, suspected of expanding his narcotics activity in Cuba.
11:59There's evidence to suggest that Jack Ruby visited Traficante in prison
12:03and actually brokered a deal with Castro to enable his release.
12:07We have to remember that Jack Ruby had strong ties into the Chicago outfit.
12:12Kennedy at first is unaware that the CIA is having these conversations with people like Roselli and Jim Karner.
12:25And eventually, when Kennedy discovers that these conversations had taken place, he was absolutely horrified.
12:30Just before the assassination, we know that Jack Ruby met with two mafia bosses.
12:34They were Carlos Marcelo and Santo Traficante.
12:38We know that Ruby visited New Orleans that summer, as did Lee Harvey Oswald, the alleged assassin.
12:44There are reports that Oswald spent time at the Carousel Club and had conversations with Jack Ruby.
12:50To my knowledge, if I recollect correctly, I saw him in the audience last week.
12:55Lee Oswald in the audience at the club, at the Carousel Club, which is owned by Jack Rubenstein?
13:00Yes.
13:01Given Ruby's connections with Giancarna and the mob,
13:04and the fact that his clubs were commonly frequented by the local police with Ruby as an informant,
13:10it's clear that his clubs were becoming a melting pot for conspiracy theories.
13:15What is also clear is that Jack Ruby and Lee Oswald were moving in the same circles
13:20and mixing with the same people in the days and weeks leading up to Dallas 63.
13:25The Dallas police immediately turned their attention to the book depository.
13:41I've seen everybody and was converging on the school book depository.
13:46Although no one was ever positively identified as the shooter at the sixth floor window of the book depository,
13:52the police were apparently totally confident that the book depository was the position for the assassin.
13:57Somewhere in the confusion, they chased someone over the railway siding,
14:01with eyewitnesses reporting a number of official secret service types in the car park.
14:06This gave rise over time to reference to the grassy knoll shooter.
14:10Sounded like a loud firecracker or a gunshot.
14:15And it sounded like it came from the left and in front of us towards the wooden fence.
14:21We all three, four, seen about the same thing as the shot.
14:27The smoke came from behind the hedge.
14:30They claimed that they'd found a sniper's nest on the sixth floor of the book depository,
14:34with three cartridges but no gun.
14:37They quickly concluded that he must have taken the shot and headed down the stairwell to make his escape.
14:42However, a number of eyewitnesses claimed to have used the same stairwell directly after the shooting
14:47and had seen no one making their escape.
14:49The area being completely roped off by Dallas police, the canine units here at the scene.
14:54I don't know what for, but a fire truck is standing by.
14:56Most of the officers, literally hundreds of them,
14:59armed with sawed-off shotguns, shotguns, pump shotguns, automatic shotguns and submachine guns.
15:05Found Lee Harvey Oswald in the break room with a soda.
15:09They immediately grabbed him, but the manager of the depository told them to let him go because he works here.
15:14He looked probably a little startled like anybody else would if he just put a gun this time I thought it was.
15:21I turned around and asked him if the man worked for him, and if he knew him.
15:26And he said, yes, if he works for me, and I know him.
15:29Oswald was left free to wander out of the front door of the book depository,
15:34where apparently he was stopped by a secret service agent.
15:37But only to ask where the nearest telephone was,
15:40and Oswald directed him back into the book depository, where a phone sat in the ground floor.
15:45At the entrance of the building, he was stopped by a police officer,
15:49and some manager in the building told the police officer,
15:53well, he's all right, he works safe, he needn't hold him.
15:56So they let him go. That's how he got out.
15:58But the question has to be asked.
16:00Surely it was standard practice to lock down the crime scene for forensic investigation.
16:05Why was that not the case?
16:08Oswald caught one of the most unlikely getaway vehicles, a public transport bus,
16:13travelled back to his lodgings, got changed, had a conversation with his landlady
16:18before setting off for the cinema.
16:20And all within half an hour of the assassination, just before one o'clock.
16:37It is believed that Ruby was not in Dealey Plaza at the time of the assassination,
16:41and according to those closest to him, he was utterly distraught by it.
16:45I never thought I'd see Jack cry. And tears did come from Jack eyes.
16:49And he said, it's something that's unbelievable.
16:52How could a man shoot the president of our country?
16:56Even paying a visit to his local rabbi to seek spiritual guidance.
17:00He apparently disappears from view until after Oswald's arrest
17:03and his impromptu press conference at the Dallas police station,
17:06at which Ruby is seen loitering.
17:08How could this happen?
17:19You know, to me, it kind of adds to this whole conspiracy.
17:23For years, this has played into the conspiracy theory
17:26that somebody in the inside knew what was, what had been planned,
17:29what was going on, and they were looking to get rid of all the trade.
17:33Dallas police say that they have found the remains of fried chicken
17:38and paper on the fifth floor.
17:40They say the sniper apparently had been there for some time.
17:43The Secret Service said the assassin apparently used a high-powered army
17:47or Japanese rifle.
17:48It is only later that they found the gun, hidden behind boxes near a stairway
17:52away from the sixth floor window.
17:54The police found a .303 British rifle, three empty cartridge cases
17:58and a wedge of paper that had apparently been used as a gun rest.
18:01But the Dallas police reported a moment ago that a foreign-made rifle
18:05believed to have been used in the shooting of the president
18:08had no fingerprints on it.
18:10The deputy sheriff that found the gun identified it initially,
18:13but with a high degree of certainty, as a 7.65mm Mauser.
18:18But this was later changed to a 6.4mm Manlicker Carcano.
18:23Exactly the same as evidence later provided by police
18:26would suggest Oswald had purchased by mail order,
18:29although he apparently used the name Alec Hadell as an alias.
18:37JFK was shot on Elm Street at 1229.
18:40He was then rushed to Parkland Memorial Hospital,
18:43arriving at around 1234, where physicians worked to save his life.
18:48I remember running home, getting home, and there's my mom,
19:02and she was watching a live newscast with Walter Cronkite.
19:08From Dallas, Texas, the flash, apparently official,
19:12President Kennedy died at 1 p.m. Central Standard Time,
19:182 o'clock Eastern Standard Time, some 38 minutes ago.
19:23The President of the United States is dead.
19:30I have just talked to Father Oscar Hubert of the Holy Trinity Catholic Church.
19:35He and another priest tell me that the pair of men have just administered
19:40the last rites of the Catholic Church to President Kennedy.
19:44John F. Kennedy died at approximately 1 o'clock Central Standard Time today here in Dallas.
19:55He died of a gunshot wound in the brain.
19:59I have no other details regarding the assassination of the President.
20:04You expect that these leaders are protected and things are planned.
20:08I was quite shocked because actually I'm not from England, I'm from Australia.
20:12And generally he was very well liked there and he had great support everywhere.
20:17I was very shocked. I still can't believe that he's not there anymore.
20:20I think the person who ever shot him must have been a nutcase.
20:22There's no other word for him. I think it's terrible what happened.
20:26The Mafia were seemingly overjoyed at the news with a number of informants coming forward
20:31and tapped telephone conversations with members of the Mafia over the coming days and weeks.
20:37One Mafia informant recalls celebrating with Florida Mafia boss Santos Traficante,
20:42remembering him saying,
20:44Our problems are over. I hope Jimmy is happy now.
20:47Hoffer was apparently delighted.
20:49Apparently Louisiana Mafia boss Carlos Marcelo said,
20:53Jimmy owes me. He owes me big.
20:56Does this for you prove that the mob did the assassination?
20:59The southern mobsters killed the President using Lee Harvey Oswald.
21:04The southern mob wanted him killed.
21:06New Orleans and Tampa specifically.
21:08Right.
21:09Both Santo Traficante in Tampa in Florida and Carlos Marcello in Louisiana.
21:14One of his bookmaking rings was run by Dutz Malay.
21:21Dutz Malay was Lee Harvey Oswald's uncle.
21:23And Lee Harvey Oswald spent the summer of 63 in New Orleans and he was close to Dutz Malay.
21:30So, I mean, what conclusion you can draw from that? We haven't got the smoking gun.
21:35Just a few minutes before this report, we heard from one of our newsmen in Dallas on the scene, James Kerr,
21:58who said that a Dallas policeman, J.D. Tippett, was shot to death by an unknown man in a car.
22:05The officer was shot about two miles from the scene of the presidential assassination.
22:11Tippett was a veteran officer of the Dallas police and had received a radio call to take him way off his beat.
22:18And he reported to be in position at 1254.
22:21Already by that time, there had been a number of broadcasts describing a suspect in the assassination in Dealey Plaza.
22:28Tippett was seen apparently stopping someone who resembled the description and he'd wound down his window.
22:35The individual leant through and had a conversation with Officer Tippett.
22:38Free witnesses tell police how Officer Tippett pulled over to the curb,
22:42then got them his patrol car to talk to his assailant.
22:45At some point, Tippett then stepped out of the car and as he was walking around the front of the car,
22:50the individual drew a gun and killed Tippett, shooting him three times in the stomach and once to the right temple.
22:57Hello, police operated.
22:59Go ahead.
23:00Go ahead.
23:01It says I'm using you.
23:02Hello, we've already shooting out here.
23:04What is it at?
23:06The killing, which had all the hallmarks of a mob shooting,
23:09was reported in by a bystander at just before 1.15.
23:13And just as he got even with the front wheel on the driver's side, this man shot him three times in the wink of your eye.
23:25A wallet was apparently found discarded next to the body in the name of Alec Hidal,
23:30which happened to be the name that Oswald had reportedly used when ordering his rifle by mail order.
23:36But there was no firm and absolute link to Oswald in the shooting.
23:40It is also generally believed to be highly unlikely that Oswald would have had time to have shot the president,
23:45to have caught the bus back to his lodgings, to have got changed and had a conversation with his landlady,
23:51before then making his way to the cinema, being intercepted by and then killing Tippett,
23:56all within a 45 minute period.
23:59A number of key questions need to be asked now, not least of which is who killed Officer Tippett.
24:04If Tippett was stopping a suspect of that assassination,
24:08why on earth was he so casual to wind down the window and allow them to lean through and have a conversation?
24:14And was it a complete coincidence that the entire incident took place very close to the location
24:20where Jack Ruby actually lived, an individual that know an awful lot about mob shootings?
24:26It has been alleged by some that Tippett may have been dispatched to take care of Oswald,
24:31but he failed, leaving Ruby to clear up the mess.
24:34I have heard Jack talk about the Kennedys and I've been trying to think,
24:39and it's so confusing today, but I believe he dislikes Bobby Kennedy.
24:44Within all this, we have to add that there were witness reports of various combinations
24:49of Ruby, Oswald and Tippett together at the Carousel Club.
24:53Seventy minutes after the shots are fired, the Dallas police arrest Lee Harvey Oswald.
24:58He is then charged with the murder of a Dallas police officer, Officer Tippett.
25:03One suspect has been apprehended, according to Dallas police,
25:06a young man who denies anything to do with the shooting.
25:08If we can, we will try to clear up this arrest which is taking place in Dallas.
25:13In a near empty theater, he chose a seat directly next to another individual.
25:17At the interval, he went out and purchased some popcorn, so he clearly had some money,
25:22and then went back into the film and sat directly next to someone else.
25:26Most unusual behavior, unless he was potentially meeting someone there.
25:31The suspect had entered the Texas theater some five blocks away.
25:36And some extra news which has come in since we started.
25:39A 24-year-old man, Lee H. Oswald, was arrested by Dallas police
25:43in connection with the murder of the policeman.
25:46He was taken screaming from a cinema.
25:48Police are questioning him to find out whether he's any connection
25:50with the murder of the president.
25:51When he was arrested, he apparently got into a scuffle with the police
25:54and drew a gun.
25:55Officer McDonald started to grapple with the man as he reached for a gun
26:00which was concealed under his shirt, and the gun was fired one time
26:07by the suspect, but luckily it misfired.
26:10However, the recently declassified note from J. Edgar Hoover states
26:13that Oswald was handcuffed without being armed.
26:17Someone is clearly wrong.
26:20They're taking me in because of the fact that I'm in the Soviet Union.
26:25I'm just a patsy.
26:26I'm just a patsy.
26:41When we got permission to remove the body and took the casket out
26:46to the ambulance that we had there,
26:49Edward Berkeley got in the back of the ambulance with the casket.
26:54I suggested to Mrs. Kennedy that we ride in the car,
26:56and she said, no, I'm going to ride in the back with the president.
26:59Kennedy's body is then taken from the hospital,
27:03placed back on Air Force One.
27:06And the president's body with the police motorcycle escort
27:11is now pulling away from the hospital.
27:13We were, three of us, with the casket in the back of the acres,
27:16all the way to Love Field.
27:18It is about one and a half hour since he was shot.
27:23The nature of the American Constitution means that you have to transfer
27:27the presidency to the new president.
27:31It has to be done formally to be legal.
27:34Before the plane takes off, about an hour and a half or so
27:37after Kennedy is shot, Lyndon Johnson takes the oath of office
27:42on Air Force One.
27:44I did not only swear.
27:46I did not only swear.
27:48That I will faithfully execute.
27:50That I will faithfully execute.
27:52The Office of President of the United States.
27:55The Office of President of the United States.
27:57President Johnson wanted the press on that airplane.
28:00He wanted the press to be aboard to witness the swearing in,
28:04which is probably a very wise decision to have witnesses to this thing.
28:09I heard the president ask Marie Famer, his secretary,
28:13to go and ask Mrs. Kennedy if she would like to stand with him
28:18for the swearing in.
28:20And she sent word that she did, but she needed a few minutes
28:23to compose herself.
28:25And after a few minutes Mrs. Kennedy appeared into the conference room.
28:30And then at that point I saw the gravity of the situation.
28:34I saw what she had witnessed on her clothing.
28:42There is little doubt that the CIA were aware of plots
28:45against Kennedy's life.
28:46Jackie Kennedy herself was invited to get changed out of her pink Chanel suit.
28:51She absolutely refused saying she wanted them to see what they had done to her husband.
28:56Pieces of the president's skull, flesh, blood on her clothing splattered.
29:04The right stalking was heavily congealed with blood
29:07where she had cradled his head in her lap.
29:10At some point on the flight when asked by an aide of hers,
29:15Mrs. Kennedy, would you like to clean up while we're en route back to Washington?
29:20And Mrs. Kennedy said, no, I want them to see what they have done.
29:26And those words are reverberated throughout the history of the assassination.
29:32Does her language perhaps suggest that she also knew who might be behind the assassination plot?
29:3825 years after the assassination, a deathbed confession provided further crucial evidence.
29:45The deathbed confession by Traficante.
29:48I think Carlos, meaning Marcelo, screwed up.
29:51We should have killed Bobby and not Jack.
29:53I think that is an important piece in the puzzle.
29:58The other is that he was with Santo Traficante the night President Kennedy was murdered.
30:03And he was celebrated.
30:04And he was celebrating.
30:05And he can describe the euphoria of Santo Traficante.
30:08And I knew from writing a book about Robert Kennedy how much Bobby wanted to get rid of, prosecutorly,
30:15both Marcelo and Traficante and already had Hoffa.
30:18The CIA's chief priority after the assassination was limiting the parameters, limiting the scope of inquiry
30:29that would inevitably follow the Kennedy assassination.
30:34The CIA did not want something like the Warren Commission coming along
30:39and investigating everything to do with U.S. national security.
30:44Having been arrested for the killing of Officer Tippett, with no real evidence that would hold up in any court,
31:00Oswald still hadn't been charged for the assassination of the president.
31:04In Dallas police headquarters, Lee Oswald is booked for the slaying of Officer Tippett.
31:09Tight-lipped, bruised from his battle with his captors, he is led through a gauntlet of newsmen.
31:15And the world gets its first look at Lee Harvey Oswald.
31:18And yet the media was in an absolute frenzy.
31:21J. Edgar Hoover in one of the more recently declassified notes is quoted as saying
31:26that he wished that the police would stop doing so much damn talking on television.
31:31Oswald was taken here, there and everywhere in the public eye and constantly being asked whether or not he'd killed the president.
31:38Did you kill the president?
31:40No, I've not been charged with that. In fact, nobody has said that to me yet.
31:44The first thing I heard about it was when the newspaper reporters in the hall asked me that question.
31:51Was this simply incompetence on behalf of law enforcement and the Secret Service?
31:56Or was he being paraded intentionally?
31:59We have to remind ourselves that there was no positive evidence that linked Oswald with the assassination.
32:05There were no eyewitnesses that could identify Oswald.
32:08There were no usable fingerprints on the rifle that was located at the book depository.
32:13And even Hoover himself acknowledged that there was no evidence against him that would stand up in court.
32:22But what we do know is that from the moment Oswald was arrested, Jack Ruby was dogging his every move,
32:28attending his every appearance, waiting for his moment to strike.
32:32Lee Oswald is being moved from police headquarters to the county jail.
32:48There is Lee Oswald.
32:53He's been shot. He's been shot. Lee Oswald has been shot.
33:01Hoover states clearly that the FBI had told Dallas police on two separate occasions in the short period after the assassination that there was a plan to kill Oswald.
33:11And he considered it inexcusable that they had left him so open to an approach from the front.
33:18There's the man with a gun. It's absolute panic. Absolute panic here in the basement of Dallas police headquarters.
33:25The detectives have their guns drawn. Oswald has been shot.
33:30Oswald is also assassinated publicly in front of the cameras by nightclub owner Jack Ruby.
33:38Again, it's shocking, you know, two public murders in such a short space of time.
33:44How on earth was this allowed to happen?
33:46Ruby presented himself as an independent lone assassin, in shock, traumatised by JFK's killing.
33:53The idea that maybe Oswald has been silenced because he'd said, I'm just a patsy, has also then played into conspiracy theories that have come.
34:04Since Jack Ruby has never really offered up a convincing explanation for why he did what he did.
34:11Have you got any relationship between the two yet?
34:16Between Rubenstein? At the present time we have not. There was a story down there.
34:22Was he ever in his bar and stuff like that?
34:24There was a story that this fellow had been in this nightclub, this striptease joint that he has, but that has not been able to be confirmed.
34:32Now, this fellow Rubenstein is a very shady character, has a bad record, street brawler, fighter, that sort of thing.
34:40He is what I would put in the category, one of his equal maniacs. He likes to be in the limelight. He knew all the police.
34:46If the mob were implicated in the assassination of JFK, it was important to have Lee Harvey Oswald silenced.
34:52It suited them that the whole nation believed that he was the lone gunman.
34:58If it was revealed that the mob had had a hand in the assassination, the consequences for all would have been huge.
35:05This aligns perfectly with what the authorities wanted, with Hoover saying just two days after the assassination,
35:12that the public must be satisfied that Oswald was the assassin.
35:19Questions are being asked of the Secret Service. Did they do something wrong? Was there error?
35:24If there was, can that be put right?
35:27But there's also a public sort of message that's being sent here, which is we're going to look at it and make sure it can't happen again.
35:33It doesn't happen again. It doesn't happen again. We're going to get to the truth.
35:49My friends, their families, they're on, you know, in front of the television.
35:56We didn't do anything. We didn't do anything. We just sat there and watched this.
36:02I mean, I'd never done anything like that before.
36:14Sad. I remember my mom, you know, tearing up, which that was rare.
36:26You are watching an official reenactment of the murder of President John F. Kennedy.
36:44Film from the window where the alleged assassin crouched.
36:47November 22nd and the Warren Report.
36:51The Warren Commission was set up by President Johnson to investigate the events around Kennedy's assassination.
36:59It was empowered to mandate the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of evidence.
37:05This bizarre sequence of double killings raised great questions.
37:09Who actually fired the shots that killed Kennedy?
37:12Why did Ruby shoot Oswald? Was there a conspiracy? Were right-wingers involved? Was it a Russian plot? A Cuban plot?
37:22The new president, Lyndon Johnson, ordered these questions answered.
37:26As Walter Cronkite rightly speculated at the time, conspiracy theories were running wild as the Warren Commission set to work.
37:33Subsequent investigations have shown, though, the board assembled from those loyal to Johnson was only ever really pointed to one conclusion, the lone gunman.
37:43This committee laboured ten months, took testimony from hundreds of witnesses, then brought forth a document close to a thousand pages.
37:52His final report was presented to President Johnson on September the 24th, 1964, and made public three days later.
38:00They found that it was in all likelihood that Kennedy had been assassinated by a lone gunman, and that that lone gunman was most likely Lee Harvey Oswald.
38:11It also concluded that Jack Ruby operated alone when he killed Oswald two days later.
38:16I can't honestly say that I've ever been completely relieved of the fact that there might have been international connections.
38:25To say the least, the findings of the Commission have proved controversial, with concerns that the Commission had acted to cover up the incompetence of the authorities.
38:35In my personal judgement, there is more than evidence, there is proof that the Warren Commission distorted the truth in their report.
38:44Interfering with the autopsy reports, selectively altering the facts to align with their lone shooter theory, with their magic bullet theory, fabricating forensic stories that simply defy the laws of physics, and carefully selecting testimony that aligns with their desired outcome.
39:02Well, that would seem to indicate that you don't have full confidence in the Warren Commission's report.
39:07No. No, I think the Warren Commission's study, and I think first of all, it's composed the ablest, most judicious, bipartisan men in this country.
39:18Second, I think they had only one objective, and that was the truth.
39:22Johnson's focus never seemed to be on getting to the truth, and the Commission reflected that.
39:27They ran with the official story, and the matter was put to bed, or at least that's what the Warren Commission, and presumably the Johnson White House, were keen to believe.
39:36Jack Ruby's trial presents a situation as extraordinary as his actions.
39:49His mother testified that he was distraught after JFK's assassination, having what seemed to be some sort of breakdown, leading him to avenge the President's death.
39:57His lawyer claimed the nightclub owner was mentally unwell, and the trial dragged on as witnesses, including Ruby's rabbi, were called on in his defence.
40:06Ultimately, the jury were having none of it, and he was sentenced to death.
40:10However, an appeal was lodged, overturning his verbal confession, and a retrial was ordered in February 1967.
40:17Ruby never had his day in court, though.
40:21Already riddled with cancer, he was killed by a blood clot, passing away just before Christmas, at Parkland Hospital, where Kennedy and Oswald had preceded him.
40:30Bobby, of course, was wholly expected to step into his brother's shoes.
40:43Snubbed by Lyndon Johnson, and wracked with guilt that his tenure as Attorney General may have prompted the assassination, he stood for the Presidency himself, convinced that the mob killed JFK, and that he would pursue them from the White House.
40:57His campaign, though, came to a grim end in a hotel kitchen, on the campaign trail, when he was shot dead by Zahan Zahan on June 5th, 1968.
41:07This is a time of tragedy and loss. Senator Robert Kennedy is dead.
41:22The United States House of Representatives Select Committee on Assassinations was established in 1976.
41:29The House Select Committee looks into these very high-profile assassinations that happened in the 1960s.
41:35And charged with the investigations of both the JFK assassination and the 1968 assassination of Martin Luther King.
41:43In part because it's just so unusual to have so many very high-profile figures assassinated in such a public way.
41:50So you've got that. The conspiracy theories are rife. There are lots of people who've never believed the Port of the Warren Commission,
41:56who think that it was a cover-up despite all the attempts that they'd made to try to make sure that it was seen as a neutral commission.
42:05The final report was issued in 1979 in which they concluded that Kennedy was probably assassinated as a result of a conspiracy.
42:12That then feeds more conspiracy theories further and further.
42:16But at the same time, they ruled out any involvement from the Soviet Union, Cuba, organized crime, or CIA, FBI, or the Secret Service.
42:25However, they did not rule out the possibility that individual mob members or Cuban exiles could have been involved.
42:34It appears that, with a probability of 95% or better, there was indeed a shot fired from the grassy knoll.
42:45In my opinion, there are two significant schools of thought.
42:48One is that Oswald operated independently as the lone shooter.
42:52But he was surrounded by an environment in which the authorities were incompetent on a serial basis.
42:58There was a lot of criticism of particularly the Secret Service after Kennedy's assassination.
43:03I mean, the job is to protect the President and the people who were in that car, right?
43:07And Kennedy died and the government of the Connolly of Texas was injured.
43:11The other is that some combination of the CIA, the FBI, the police force, the Secret Service, and the Mafia were totally complicit in the assassination.
43:22So, on one hand, yeah, they failed at a basic level.
43:27But I think it's played into the conspiracy theories.
43:30You probably never know.
43:32I'd put to you that even if a smoking gun came out tomorrow that said that it was James Jesus Angleton or Alan Dulles or Edward Lansdale on the grassy knoll,
43:44and I'm not suggesting it was.
43:45Even if a smoking gun document came out that proved that tomorrow, would anyone believe it?
43:51Precisely how many mistakes can be made before we start to question the defence of what we could call plausible incompetence?
43:59Why was the bubble top not on the car? Was the route not checked? Why were the windows in the school book depository open?
44:07Taking Oswald off the stop or flash listing by both the FBI and the CIA just six weeks before the assassination.
44:16And all of this needs to be considered in the tangled web of crises involving the Bay of Pigs, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the involvement of the Chicago outfit,
44:26and the CIA involvement in sequential covert assassination plots through the Executive Action Committee.
44:34And the details of the assassination are simply straight out of the CIA's Executive Action Committee playbook.
44:40So, you need to decide. And there's inevitably an amount of judgement required here.
44:45But the key question is, at what point does serial incompetence become a coordinated conspiracy?
44:52Who knows? Perhaps the declassification of the remaining batch of files will finally put the JFK mystery to rest.
45:15And the future, you know, what happens in the privacy of the FBI is an easy task.
45:19And the reason why is the fact that the�를-ROM-HROM-COR行 is the secret of the FBI is to be liberated.
45:20The reason why is the robot-zoned man has managed to manage his рукmen has managed to be liberated,
45:21because he has managed to manage his operating system.
45:24So that you can put the
45:25the facts of the facts that they are over, because he has managed to manage the workmen.
45:29And the fact that the number of cells even serious about the fact is when the cells in the cells in the cells in the cells,
45:31the fact that the food of the cells in the cells in the cells in the cells,
45:35and the cell of the cells in the cells, was able toushion back to the cells in the cells.
45:37And as long as we do, look, you look for the people who like to think the cells in the cells