The Arctic sea ice is melting dramatically, but several countries see it as an economic opportunity. Here is why scientists are concerned about these new trade routes.
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00:00The impacts of climate change are already forcing the circumpolar region to undergo
00:23an unprecedented transition in human history.
00:27As Arctic air and sea temperatures warm at more than twice the rate of the global average,
00:34the Arctic Ocean has lost 95% of its oldest documented sea ice.
01:58As more and more cargo ships transit from Asian markets to Western markets,
02:04there is an increase in carbon emissions, in black carbon emissions,
02:10that in turn results in more global warming.
02:14When heavy fuel oils are burned from ships that are transiting through the northern sea route,
02:21they create soot. And that soot, that's black, covers Arctic sea ice and snow
02:29that then absorbs the heat from sun's rays and melts it much quicker.
02:51For Arctic Indigenous peoples, from the Yupik and Inuit in North America,
03:07to the Sami in Europe and Lapland, there are enormous consequences for an increase in shipping.
03:16Their sovereignty as nations has not been recognized in negotiations
03:22for the ships that are coming from the eastern to western market.
03:46We can expect the northern sea route to see an increase in marine traffic,
04:10but not a skyrocketing of ships and cargo that are moving from east to west.
04:16And that's because of uncertainty. Even though we are seeing sea ice melt,
04:22that does not mean that all ice is diminished in the Arctic.
04:27There are still icebergs and ice flows that ships have to contend with,
04:32and those make it more uncertain and more dangerous for ships to transit through.
04:52Countries around the world are interested in what's happening in the circumpolar north,
04:58because what happens in the Arctic doesn't stay in the Arctic. It impacts us all.