Saviez-vous que certaines personnes croient que des géants ont construit les anciens temples de Malte ? Ces temples, comme Ħaġar Qim et Mnajdra, ont plus de 5 000 ans et sont faits de blocs de pierre massifs qui semblent impossibles à déplacer sans la technologie moderne. En raison de leur taille et de leur mystère, les légendes disent que des géants parcouraient autrefois l'île et étaient les seuls suffisamment forts pour les construire. Bien que les archéologues pensent qu'ils ont été fabriqués par des humains, utilisant des outils de base et une ingénierie astucieuse, les histoires de géants continuent de captiver les imaginations. Les temples sont plus anciens que les pyramides, ce qui en fait parmi les structures les plus anciennes sur Terre. Que les géants y aient participé ou non, les temples de Malte sont certainement incroyables ! Animation créée par Sympa.
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FunTranscript
00:00We would not call this island mystical without the stories describing the giants that inhabit it.
00:06The island of Gozo, located in Malta, serves as a backdrop to an ancient legend.
00:11Malta, an insular nation nestled in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Europe, occupies an exceptional strategic position.
00:18Throughout its history, it has been governed by many civilizations,
00:23among which the Phoenicians, the Greeks, the Romans and the Carthaginians.
00:27On a glacial night, several millennia ago, a farmer saw the sky turn orange, then red, before hearing a deafening noise.
00:37Although the ground was shaking slightly, it was not an earthquake.
00:41Scrutinizing the forest, he distinguished a colossal silhouette, taller than the trees.
00:46Approaching with caution, he realized that it was a woman, a giant, who introduced herself under the name of Sansuna.
00:53Contrary to the terrible giants described in many stories, Sansuna had no intention of destroying humanity.
01:00On the contrary, she was benevolent and generous.
01:03She revealed to the farmer that his people could help defend their land against the invaders.
01:08The inhabitants were intrigued by this proposal.
01:11Especially since, located on a strategic trade route, Malta was frequently the target of invasions.
01:18Legend has it that Sansuna settled in Malta and soon set to work.
01:24But her work was not simple tasks.
01:27She carried gigantic monoliths on her shoulder to build a monumental temple called Gantija, meaning the tower of giants.
01:36She accomplished this feat while carrying on the other shoulder her child, half human, half giant.
01:42According to some stories, Sansuna fed exclusively on beans and honey.
01:47Although others replaced honey with water.
01:50What is funny is that Malta, despite its modest size, 10th smallest country in the world, would have been the home of giants.
01:58Go figure.
01:59The temple evoked a huge game of Tetris, some stones reaching the impressive weight of 20 elephants.
02:05These monolithic blocks are so massive that specialists estimate that it would have taken the combined strength of 50 men to lift a single one.
02:13As captivating as this story is, humans have never proven the real existence of giants, making this story highly improbable.
02:21Some ancient texts briefly mention a species of giant called Nephilims.
02:26These would have been terrifying colossi, responsible for many ravages on earth, before disappearing at the time of the flood.
02:33However, no tangible evidence of their existence has ever been discovered, until the appearance of an intriguing element.
02:41Maltese archaeology has brought to light several astonishing discoveries over the years, one of the most striking being known as the Lipoget Crane.
02:50This term, of Greek origin, means underground.
02:53This extraordinary site was discovered during the first decade of the 20th century, when an urgent call came to the director of the National Museum of Malta.
03:02Remarkable bones had been unearthed by accident, requiring immediate expertise.
03:07Lipoget was a real underground city, made up of labyrinths and rooms spread over several levels.
03:14Its structures had been carved in a limestone similar to the one used for the Maltese temples located on the surface.
03:21Lipoget was full of precious relics and invaluable artifacts.
03:25Researchers have quickly established that Lipoget served as a resting place for the inhabitants of the time.
03:31Among the discoveries were numerous bones, skeletons, and above all, cranes.
03:36These were not classic human cranes, but belonged to the so-called elongated category.
03:42Even more intriguing, these cranes had been hidden from the public for many years, feeding on speculations and giving birth to a multitude of theories.
03:51This discovery was a turning point for Maltese archaeology, even if the scientists found themselves left out in the face of this enigma.
03:58Some wondered about the origin of these cranes, wondering if they were natural or had been altered,
04:05knowing that some cultures used skull deformation techniques.
04:09Other researchers have evoked more daring hypotheses, ranging from little gray men to legendary giants.
04:16Some even suggest that these elongated cranes could be sculptures dedicated to deities from elsewhere.
04:23Lack of evidence to confirm these theories, one question remains.
04:27Who were really the builders of the megalithic temples of Malta?
04:33Let's examine the facts established by the scientists.
04:36The megalithic temples of Malta date back 3,500 years before our era, which makes them even older than the pyramids of Egypt.
04:44The real enigma lies in the fact that these buildings were built long before the appearance of writing.
04:50Yet, their construction required advanced technological skills that are hard to explain.
04:56The temple of Gantija seems to challenge all human logic by its magnitude.
05:00The southern temple has a corridor bordered by four oval rooms, evoking the shape of a large truffle.
05:06In one of these rooms, archaeologists have discovered spiral-shaped hotels.
05:11These structures, presumably used for ritual purposes, testify to the importance of spiritual practices among the first Maltese.
05:19The northern temple, although similar in design, is more modest and has such a low entrance that it forces visitors to bend over to enter.
05:27This detail could symbolize a gesture of indifference towards the deities venerated in these places.
05:32It is difficult not to wonder about the mysterious reasons that led these builders to create a temple of such magnitude.
05:39Maybe they rolled up Daenerys' dragon to move these monoliths?
05:42Of course, this is just a joke.
05:45But did you know that the famous gates of Medina, in Malta, served as a setting for Port Real in episode 3 of the first season of Game of Thrones?
05:53Anyway, let's get back to the giant.
05:55The theory that these places had a ritual purpose has gained credibility when archaeologists have come up with enigmatic figures nicknamed the Lady Graces.
06:04These small statues, with round bodies and faces reflecting a great joy of living, seem to bear witness to a certain hedonism.
06:12These statues strangely resemble a miniature version of Sunsuna, the giant mentioned above.
06:17Scientists estimate that they probably represented well-being and prosperity.
06:22Their existence attests not only to the advanced craftsmanship of the ancient Maltese, but also to the intentionality of their construction and artistic creations.
06:31One of these works, known as the Sleeping Lady, is a Neolithic piece of art depicting a woman of strong body, lying on her side, seemingly sleeping peacefully.
06:42After in-depth analysis, researchers have assumed that she embodied the Great Steamer.
06:48Discovered in the Hypogeum, a vast place of burial, this statue stands out from the other Lady Graces, notably by her hairstyle and her embroidered skirt.
06:58Another statue is particularly intriguing. It represents a woman measuring 2.5 meters in height, accompanied by a fragment of the edge of her skirt.
07:07Its discovery, for the least unusual, dates back to 1915, when a farmer, embarrassed by large blocks of stone in his work, invited the director of the National Museum of Malta to come and examine them.
07:19For some, this discovery is proof of the existence of Sunsuna, while others remain skeptical.
07:26And that's not all. The place where this gigantic statue was found housed one of the most impressive archaeological sites in Malta,
07:34the Temples of Tarsien. Built from limestone blocks, some measure 6 meters high and weigh about 20 tons.
07:42In pursuing these excavations, the director of the museum, a certain Zamit, discovered several similar sites, all composed of megalithic stones.
07:50These structures, attributed to stone-age farmers who lived on an island isolated from the Mediterranean thousands of years ago, challenge all logic.
08:01Just observe the Temples of Mnajdra. They could well represent the very first calendar in the world.
08:07During equinoxes, the sun directly crosses the main entrance and illuminates the central axis of the temple.
08:13As for solstices, they offer two remarkable variations. During the summer solstice, the rays illuminate the edge of the megalith, located to the left of the entrance, while in winter they move to the right.
08:26This is a fascinating demonstration of astronomical precision. And what about the structures of Al-Tarsien, already mentioned?
08:34This complex is considered the oldest in all of Malta. It was built to allow animal offerings to the gods.
08:41A theory confirmed by the discovery of many bones buried in the ground.
08:45The excavations also revealed a rich collection of spiral patterns, suggesting that the inhabitants also used this space for religious rituals.
08:53In total, Malta houses seven megalithic temples, each surpassing the others in magnificence.
08:59Archaeologists continue their research, hoping to unravel their mysteries, as is still the case for the pyramids of Egypt, the Maya cities that have disappeared from America, or other enigmatic sites around the world.