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LearningTranscript
00:00Introduction
00:03Avinash is jogging in a park.
00:06He notices some elderly men performing yoga.
00:10They first take a deep breath and inhale.
00:14After a while, they exhale.
00:17He finds the pattern of inhalation and exhalation interesting to watch.
00:23He then hears someone practicing drums.
00:27The beats of the drum also follow a rhythmic pattern.
00:32In this lesson, you will learn about patterns.
00:37Objectives
00:40At the end of this lesson, you will be able to
00:44Identify patterns in shapes and numbers
00:48Complete patterns involving numbers and shapes
00:52Understanding patterns
00:55Look at this arrangement of rings.
00:58A blue ring is followed by a yellow ring followed by a red ring.
01:04This arrangement is repeated three times.
01:08When objects are repeated in a definite order, they form a pattern.
01:13Look at one more arrangement.
01:16In this arrangement, two standing lines are followed by a sleeping line.
01:22Then, again two standing lines are followed by a sleeping line.
01:27This is also a pattern.
01:30Pattern in shapes
01:33Look carefully at this pattern.
01:36A shape is placed in sleeping position first and then in standing position.
01:42These positions are repeated in the same order many more times.
01:47Now look at this arrangement of triangles and circles.
01:52Can we call it a pattern?
01:55No, we can't because the shapes do not repeat in a definite order.
02:01Patterns in nature
02:04Look around and you will find many patterns in nature.
02:09Look at this rose garden.
02:12The gardener has planted the roses to form a pattern.
02:15Here, a white rose follows a pair of red roses.
02:20Look at rainbows.
02:23The order of colours in every rainbow is the same.
02:27Number patterns
02:30There can be patterns in numbers as well.
02:33Let us look at 1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15.
02:47The numbers are not the same.
02:50Still, we call it a pattern.
02:53Can you see why?
02:56Yes, the difference between any two numbers placed after one another is the same.
03:03Let us look at another number pattern.
03:065, 10, 15, 20, 25.
03:14Can you see why this arrangement of numbers is a pattern?
03:18You are right.
03:20The difference between any two consecutive numbers is 5.
03:25We can also say that we get the next number by adding 5 to the previous number.
03:30Patterns with increasing and decreasing shapes
03:34We can form patterns by increasing and decreasing the number or size of shapes.
03:40Let us see how.
03:42Look at this arrangement of shapes.
03:451 circle followed by 2 circles followed by 3 circles and so on.
03:52This is a pattern because the circles increase in a definite order.
03:57Look at one more arrangement of shapes.
04:005 large beetles followed by 4 smaller beetles followed by 3 even smaller beetles and so on.
04:09This is also a pattern because the number and size of the beetles decreases in a definite order.
04:17Completing number patterns
04:20Look at this number pattern.
04:22There are two numbers missing in the pattern.
04:25We can fill them if we understand how the pattern has been created.
04:30It is clear that in this pattern, numbers decrease by one at a time.
04:36We can find the missing numbers with the help of reverse counting.
04:41We can find the missing numbers with the help of reverse counting.
04:59So, the missing numbers are 10 and 6.
05:05Summary
05:07Let us summarize what we have learnt.
05:11When objects are repeated in a definite order, they form a pattern.
05:17Number patterns are formed by adding or subtracting a fixed number to the previous number.
05:24Patterns can be created by increasing or decreasing the number or size of shapes.
05:30Patterns can be completed by understanding the basic rule used to create the pattern.