• 4 months ago
This is the Met Office UK Weather forecast for the next 10 days 14/08/2024.

The jet stream is doing interesting things above the Atlantic how will this impact the weather?

Bringing you this weekend’s weather forecast is Alex Deakin.

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Transcript
00:00Welcome to the 10-day trend.
00:02It's the time of year where the tropics can influence
00:06our weather and certainly add some difficulties
00:09to the longer range forecast.
00:11We'll see more about that in a moment, because first of all,
00:14the weather looks fairly straightforward,
00:16a standard but fairly angry looking jet stream plowing
00:20across the Atlantic, certainly pretty
00:22lively for the time of year.
00:24That is going to bring most of us
00:26some rain during Thursday and Thursday night
00:28from these weather systems that it's pushing along.
00:31But notice how it does kind of weaken quite a bit
00:35as it moves in towards the UK.
00:37And then interestingly, it kind of splits.
00:40We have two jet streams almost as we go into the weekend.
00:45But before we talk about that and tropical system Ernesto,
00:49which is lurking behind me,
00:51we'll focus in on the shorter term
00:54because as these weather systems come in,
00:55they will bring some rain and also introduce
00:59a change in temperature.
01:00As this one comes in, bringing wet conditions
01:02across the north on Thursday, it will introduce quite warm
01:05and humid air for a time before this cold front
01:08moves southwards.
01:10And that will introduce something a little bit fresher.
01:12We can put the temperatures on and show that quite nicely.
01:14There's the warmer air returning to the south temporarily
01:18through Thursday and Thursday night.
01:20But then the cold front moves through and cooler,
01:23fresher air arrives for most of us on Friday
01:25and into the weekend.
01:27Although there is a bit of a question mark
01:28about how quickly that warmer air clears away
01:32from East Anglia and the southeast.
01:34But here's how the weather front manifests itself
01:37in terms of our weather.
01:38Quite a wet day across the north on Thursday
01:41and that rain trickling southwards.
01:42Much of East Anglia and Southern England dry
01:45until the overnight period.
01:47And then that rain should be moving through
01:49on that weather front.
01:50I say should, because as I said,
01:51there is a bit of a question mark about the timing
01:54of that weather front clearing through
01:56and taking away the warm and humid air,
01:59because it could just be that it's a little further back.
02:02The warmth and humidity could still spark
02:05one or two showers on Friday
02:07across East Anglia and the southeast.
02:09And that's showing up here quite nicely
02:11on what we call the postage stamps.
02:13These are the ensemble forecasts
02:15when you run the computer model,
02:17not just once, but many times.
02:19And each one of these different members,
02:21as they're known, or different stamps,
02:24showing a potential scenario for Friday
02:28and where the rainfall is.
02:29Most of them, I know you can't really see the detail here,
02:32most of them are showing it's going to be dry on Friday,
02:33but a few highlighted in the red boxes here
02:36are showing just the potential for some heavy showers
02:39across East Anglia and the southeast during Friday.
02:43And then there's a bit of a question mark
02:44about Saturday as well.
02:45Again, this is the ensemble,
02:46the postage stamps for Saturday now showing the rainfall.
02:52And again, most of them are showing that it's dry,
02:54but there are just a small number
02:57that actually have that weather front
02:58just pushing back from the near continent
03:01across the southeast,
03:02potentially bringing a little more rain here.
03:04But that's just a small chance at this stage
03:07because there's only a few of the ensemble members
03:11showing it.
03:11The most likely scenario
03:13is that actually most places have a fine weekend.
03:16There are these weather fronts
03:17close to the far north of Scotland,
03:19bringing at times some gusty winds and a little bit of rain.
03:22But for most of us, we've got a weak ridge of high pressure
03:25bringing for many a fine couple of days
03:27on Saturday and Sunday.
03:28And the fresher air means temperatures
03:30will feel pleasant in the sunshine,
03:33generally high teens across the north,
03:35low twenties across the south.
03:37And then we have these next weather systems
03:40coming in for Monday,
03:42and they're being pushed along by what we saw earlier.
03:46That split in the jet stream,
03:48one coming down from the Arctic,
03:49another one coming up from the south.
03:52Still at this stage, Ernesto churning away
03:55out in the Western Atlantic,
03:57not talking about that yet,
03:58but the split jet stream is quite interesting,
04:01likely to generate an area of low pressure
04:05in the mid Atlantic.
04:06Now, when we talk about jet streams,
04:08particularly the pinky colors here,
04:10the jet streaks where it gets really quite strong,
04:13we talk about entrances and exits to jet streams.
04:17We talk about left and right entrances,
04:19this being the right entrance here,
04:21and this being the left entrance.
04:24And then over here,
04:25where the winds are actually slightly decelerating
04:29and we lose some strength in the jet stream.
04:31Again, here you've got an exit
04:33and you've got a left and a right side.
04:35And the areas where low pressures generate
04:38generally down the right entrance or the left exit,
04:42as is happening here with this northernmost jet stream.
04:45And in the right entrance to the southernmost jet stream,
04:47just look at what happens here.
04:49The pressure pattern pretty slack initially,
04:51but we actually start to see a low pressure spinning up
04:55as we go through the weekend out in the Atlantic.
04:57And it's that one,
04:59but also combined with this tangle of weather fronts
05:02associated with the northern jet stream
05:04that combine to bring us cloud and outbreaks of rain
05:08as we head into Monday.
05:09Now, with such a lot going on in the Atlantic,
05:12quite a complex situation with that split jet stream
05:15and the developing low,
05:16there's actually quite a bit of agreement
05:18from the computer models
05:20that we will see cloud and rain
05:22spilling in across the country from the West during Monday.
05:25It might not look exactly like this,
05:27but pretty good agreement
05:29that we will see a spell of cloud and rain
05:31returning across the UK on Monday
05:33after, for most of us, what will be a fine weekend
05:37with some decent spells of sunshine
05:39and bar the odd shower, most places dry.
05:43What happens after that?
05:45Well, now we can finally start talking about Ernesto.
05:49At time of recording, still a tropical storm,
05:52but expected to become a hurricane
05:55later on Wednesday afternoon and into the evening.
05:58Currently clearing away from Puerto Rico
06:01and heading its way northwards
06:02out into open waters for Thursday and Friday,
06:05but potentially affecting Bermuda on Friday night
06:08and into the weekend,
06:10then tracking its way northwards.
06:13Still, there's a reasonably active system at this stage
06:17just off the coast of Canada.
06:19This is the forecast for Monday.
06:21Notice how it's been a long way from the jet stream,
06:23but as it then tracks further northwards,
06:26well, it may well start to interact with the jet stream
06:29as we head into next week,
06:31and that's what often happens with these tropical systems.
06:36And that's where things can get complicated.
06:39This map shows it quite nicely, actually.
06:41So this is the ECMWF Dalmatian plot
06:45showing where Ernesto is likely to be.
06:49The blue outline is the outline of Canada there,
06:53the Canadian coastline,
06:55and the lines are showing the pressure pattern
06:58from the main computer model run
07:00or the deterministic model run,
07:02but each black dot is an ensemble member,
07:06a different run of the computer model,
07:08but you can see they're all pretty much agreeing
07:11that the position of Ernesto
07:13is gonna be just somewhere off the coast of Canada,
07:16and that's quite good agreement, quite good clustering.
07:19All those black dots are pretty close together
07:21considering this is still five days ahead.
07:24So quite good agreement that by this stage,
07:27Ernesto or what's left of Ernesto
07:29will be just off the west coast of Canada.
07:33But if we fast forward,
07:35you can see that that's clustering does disappear.
07:38This is the same map, but I've just broadened it out.
07:41Now you can see the UK over here
07:43and the clustering of the low pressure system
07:44that's gonna bring us some rain on Monday.
07:46And again, quite closely clustered here.
07:49But there's that system we've just seen
07:51off the coast of Canada.
07:53Fast forward to Wednesday and well,
07:56the dots kind of just become splayed out all over the place.
08:01The deterministic, the main model run
08:03still has a system here.
08:04It won't be a hurricane by this stage,
08:06but it'll have gone extra tropical,
08:08but still as an area of low pressure in here.
08:10But all the dots are way more spaced out now.
08:13And that's because it's been interacting
08:15with the jet stream.
08:16So the uncertainty,
08:17there's a lot of energy within this system.
08:19When it interacts with the jet stream,
08:21it just could go a number of ways.
08:23It's likely to be heading across the Atlantic, yes,
08:27but it could be being pushed further North
08:28up towards Greenland,
08:29or it could just kind of dip down to the South
08:32and head down towards the mid Atlantic,
08:34maybe down to the Azores.
08:36Most likely scenario is for it to be heading up
08:41somewhere between the UK and Iceland.
08:44That is the most likely scenario.
08:45But as you can see from that,
08:47there's quite a big jump.
08:49I'll just zoom in and show you closer here.
08:51There's not a lot of agreement,
08:53not a lot of clustering of those dots around
08:56where the deterministic model is.
08:58So there's a fair bit of uncertainty.
09:00That's typical because you've got that energy.
09:03It's a tropical system interacting with a jet stream.
09:05And it's also a week away.
09:06So this is for next Wednesday.
09:08So there's always gonna be quite a bit of uncertainty,
09:11quite a bit of spread in the possibilities.
09:14But Dan Holley,
09:15who's our Deputy Chief Meteorologist today,
09:18has been looking at this in much more detail
09:20and looking at the ensemble forecasts
09:22and coming up with the potential different scenarios.
09:24There's three most likely scenarios
09:27with the most likely of all
09:29being that the low heads up somewhere
09:32between the UK and Iceland.
09:35Again, it won't be a hurricane at this stage.
09:37It will have transitioned in some way or another,
09:40but it could still contain some pretty warm air
09:42as it heads its way northwards.
09:43So it could bring some warmth to the UK.
09:45And the closer you are to the low,
09:47that's likely to bring some wet and windy weather.
09:49The further you are away from it,
09:51so further south and east,
09:52it's likely to be drier and warmer.
09:55But there are a couple of other scenarios,
09:57less likely scenarios,
09:58but they could happen
10:00that the low actually gets pushed way up
10:03much closer to Greenland,
10:05maybe between Greenland and Iceland.
10:07And that may allow us to tap into some warmer air
10:10further south.
10:12So that's a scenario where we could see temperatures rise
10:15a little bit as we go through next week,
10:17but that's an unlikely scenario.
10:19I'd say the more likely one is the one we saw earlier.
10:21Another possibility is that the low,
10:24the remnants of Ernesto don't really get pushed up too far,
10:30mainly stay to the south of the jet stream
10:32and just kind of fizzles out
10:33and dips out towards the mid-Atlantic.
10:35And that would leave us
10:36with a fairly typical weather pattern.
10:38We'd see some wet and windy weather coming in again
10:41from the Atlantic to the north and the west,
10:43drier and brighter further south and east,
10:45but that's not really involving the remnants of Ernesto.
10:49So interesting to see what happens
10:51as we go through next week.
10:54Either way, the most likely scenario
10:56is it stays wettest and windiest to the north and west
10:59and driest and brightest further south and east.
11:02And that's what this is showing.
11:05This is the ECMWF, again, the ensembles,
11:08but now we're looking at the probability
11:10of seeing 10 millimetres of rain or more.
11:13And right throughout next week,
11:14the maps are pretty similar for every day,
11:16showing the highest probability of 10 millimetres of rain
11:20across Western parts of Scotland
11:22and the probability of seeing that much rain in a day
11:24further south and east pretty low.
11:26Again, it's just suggesting that weather pattern
11:28is always coming in from the Atlantic
11:30with the wettest weather to the north and the west,
11:32the driest weather further south and east.
11:34And the most likely pressure set up
11:36the stacked probabilities also reflecting that.
11:40Going through the dates through next week
11:42with the darker blue colours here showing positive NAO,
11:46which basically means westerly winds
11:48and the wettest weather to the north and west,
11:50driest further south and east.
11:51And that's the most likely, this dark blue shading,
11:55even well into next week, around or above 50%.
11:58And the next most likely scenario,
12:01pressure set up with that paler blue
12:04also has the winds coming in from the west
12:06just a bit more from the southwest,
12:07so perhaps a little bit warmer,
12:09but generally a similar kind of weather pattern.
12:12So that's the most likely set up
12:13as we go through next week
12:15and even beyond and into the weekend,
12:17which is for many of us, a bank holiday weekend.
12:21So plenty going on next week.
12:23Do keep up to date with the forecast.
12:25Best way to do that, of course,
12:26is to follow us on social media.
12:29If you're watching this on YouTube, do hit subscribe.

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