La Fois où les Humains ont Failli S'éteindre

Sympa

Il y a eu un moment dans l'histoire où les humains ont failli disparaître. Il y a environ 70 000 ans, un supervolcan a éclaté en Indonésie, entraînant un changement climatique massif. Cet événement, appelé la catastrophe de Toba, a provoqué une chute des températures et une raréfaction des ressources. On pense que la population humaine a diminué à seulement quelques milliers d'individus. Malgré les obstacles, nos ancêtres ont survécu et prospéré, menant au monde diversifié que nous connaissons aujourd'hui!  Animation créée par Sympa. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com   Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna​ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nos réseaux sociaux : Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/  Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:  http://sympa-sympa.com

Transcript

00:00With more than 8 billion people on Earth today, it is difficult to imagine that there was a time when humanity was so few that it almost disappeared.

00:10This happened about 900,000 years ago, when our distant ancestors went through a major crisis.

00:16Recent studies reveal that there were only about 1,280 individuals.

00:22An incredibly low figure. It is as if a single small community or a very, very small village was isolated on our planet.

00:30The human race went through a demographic stranglehold where nearly 98% of its population disappeared.

00:37This period of extreme difficulties lasted more than 100,000 years, from 930 to 813,000 years BC.

00:44The exact reasons for this disaster remain vague, but they seem to be linked to significant climatic variations.

00:53We are talking about a time when cold periods lasted for a very long time.

00:57The sea was colder and the glaciers more numerous.

01:00The mosses were extremely violent, but paradoxically, it rained less.

01:04These upheavals affected animal and plant species in Africa and Eurasia,

01:09causing the disappearance of many plants and animals, of which humans depended on to feed themselves.

01:14However, our ancestors were able to show resilience and managed to recover despite these difficult trials.

01:21Their number began to grow again, thanks to a greater mastery of fire.

01:25And the more pleasant temperatures also contributed to their survival.

01:29But let's imagine for a moment that nature was right about us, and that humanity was really extinct at that time.

01:35Let's take a little jump in a parallel dimension where this actually happened.

01:39In this universe, there would be no empire, no pyramids.

01:43No more than the impressive achievements left by ancient civilizations.

01:48No neighborhood, no city, no favorite park, nor this bench where you like to sit and sip your coffee.

01:54No coffee, a cruel absence.

01:56No swimming pool, adventure parks, or overpopulated beaches.

02:00No creature could go to another continent separated by the ocean, without ships or planes to transport them.

02:06Animals would have to wait for the movement of tectonic plates to explore new territories.

02:11Wow, you realize how incredible the world is.

02:14Wow, you realize how incredibly silent the world is.

02:18Nature almost never produces as much noise as humans.

02:21Our buildings are noisy, just like cars, motorcycles, and all these flying vehicles.

02:26If you live near an airport, you know how deafening planes can be.

02:31Here, no phone rings.

02:33No music escapes bars or gym rooms.

02:36And look at this sky of penetrating blue.

02:39You have never seen such a sky in your world.

02:44The rain and the wind clean the surface of our planet,

02:47although there is not much to do without the dust and smog produced by our activities.

02:52There is dust, but of another type, the one generated by nature.

02:56We don't really notice it because we all have these heating and air conditioning systems that spray air and dust everywhere.

03:03The only sources of drinking water are lakes and rivers, where many different animals congregate.

03:09It takes some time to get used to it.

03:11Wherever you go, wild animals walk in front of you.

03:15No dogs, no cats, no other of these domestic animals.

03:19There is no electricity either.

03:21If you have your phone, take some pictures quickly.

03:25Because you won't be able to recharge your device once the battery is dead.

03:29There is no internet either.

03:31So you will be the only one to see these pictures.

03:33It's so strange to see grass so high and wild.

03:37No one to prune it, which makes walking difficult, especially in the absence of roads.

03:42You don't have a shovel or a tool to clear the way, because humanity has never reached this level of progress.

03:50Wow, there are plants you've never seen before.

03:53Every time a tree drops a seed, something new can grow.

03:57And without humans to choose which plants to grow, nature develops freely.

04:02You suddenly feel a certain nostalgia for carrots, broccoli, potatoes and all the other vegetables that people used to grow on their farms.

04:11You hear tons of insects buzzing around you.

04:14Usually, we do everything to get rid of them.

04:17But now, without humans, you realize how annoying they can be.

04:21Hey, the sun is setting.

04:23Without electric lights, all creatures simply follow the rhythm of nature.

04:28If you want to take a walk at night, wait for the moon and stars to illuminate your path.

04:33But be vigilant against nocturnal predators.

04:36You could run into fawns that have not survived in a world dominated by humans.

04:43Fire.

04:44Fortunately, there is a river nearby.

04:47You dive into the water and reach the other shore.

04:50Fires are more common in a world without humans.

04:53For example, lightning can strike a tree or ignite a bush.

04:57No one is there to put out the flames.

04:59So that the fires continue to spread until they end up extinguishing themselves.

05:04It is difficult to understand the world in this way.

05:07But it is even more difficult to accept that the Earth is doing well without us.

05:11Just as it is doing well without dinosaurs, megalodons, mammoths, hyenas, dodo, and other ancient creatures that have gone extinct.

05:19Let's go back to our research.

05:21Some scientists do not think that our ancestors were so close to extinction.

05:26To obtain these results, researchers have used FITCALL,

05:30a specialized tool that helps study changes in ancient human populations by examining the genetic data of modern humans.

05:38They analyzed the DNA of more than 3,000 individuals in Africa and beyond, just for this study.

05:46Some researchers believe that the real population could have been higher than the data suggests.

05:52The method used focuses on a limited group of individuals, reproducers, and could not faithfully reflect the total population.

06:00There are many archaeological sites in Eurasia and Africa dating from the time when this demographic decline could have occurred,

06:07which suggests that this phenomenon could only have affected certain groups in specific regions.

06:13In any case, this event did not mark the end, but rather a new beginning.

06:18Two ancestral chromosomes have merged to form what we know as chromosome 2 in modern humans.

06:25This fusion could have marked the beginning of a new species,

06:28with a separation between our ancestors and other primitive humans such as Neanderthals and Denisovans, our distant cousins.

06:36Evidence suggests that this hypothesis is plausible, since our common ancestor lived about 500,000 to 700,000 years ago.

06:44Although humans have survived these critical periods in history,

06:48scientists believe that the extinction of our species is only a matter of time rather than a simple hypothesis.

06:54Our fields will be invaded by vegetation, cities will turn into ruins, and bridges will eventually collapse.

07:01Nature quickly regains its rights over the places abandoned by man.

07:05Look at how the roots and trees have invaded the Temple of Ta Prohm in Cambodia.

07:11But Roman ruins have been challenging time for more than 1,500 years,

07:14and some modern constructions could also resist the test of time.

07:18In the end, nature will end up breaking everything apart.

07:21If humans were to disappear, who could replace us?

07:25It took 200 million years for our species to evolve from the first mammals.

07:30Who could repeat this process?

07:32The last common ancestor of chimpanzees and humans lived 8 million years ago.

07:37It is therefore possible that a new species capable of accessing technology

07:41could emerge from chimpanzees if Homo sapiens were to disappear.

07:44But be careful.

07:48Fermi's paradox raises a fascinating question.

07:51Although there are hundreds of millions of telluric planets in our galaxy likely to inhabit life,

07:57we have not yet found any proof of its existence.

08:00Our galaxy is 13.5 billion years old.

08:03So time has not been wasted for life to develop.

08:06One possible explanation is that some crucial stages in the evolution of an intelligent life

08:11are so rare that they rarely occur.

08:14Thus, the Earth would do well without us,

08:17and we would be the only ones to mourn our own disappearance,

08:20which, alas, has rarely seemed so close.

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