Bienvenue dans notre fascinante exploration des mystères corporels inhabituels ! Rejoignez-nous dans ce voyage de 20 minutes alors que nous plongeons dans l'extraordinaire histoire de "Un arbre qui pousse à l'intérieur d'un humain" et d'autres phénomènes étonnants. Découvrez la science derrière les événements bizarres dans le corps humain et dévoilez les secrets qui vous laisseront stupéfait. Ne ratez pas cette occasion—abonnez-vous maintenant et enrichissez votre compréhension de l'expérience humaine ! #MystèresCorporels Animation créée par Sympa.
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FunTranscript
00:00A 28-year-old patient came to the hospital with worrisome symptoms.
00:05He explained to the doctor that he felt a large thoracic gene and that he had been coughing a lot for a while.
00:11The medical staff immediately knew that he had no time to waste and gave him radios.
00:17Strangely, the results were nothing unusual.
00:21The patient just had a mass in his lungs that he had to remove as soon as possible.
00:26Of course, this was not the best news for the man, but it was probably nothing that the doctors had not seen before.
00:31But this first opinion changed the day of the operation.
00:35Not only was the whole operation more difficult than they had originally planned,
00:39but the mass they removed from the patient had an unusual shape.
00:44When a small probe was sent for a more in-depth examination, the doctors were perplexed.
00:49It was a little tree.
00:51The doctors who had participated in the operation thought that the man had inhaled a seed
00:56that had settled inside the lungs of the man.
00:59After the seed had become a young tree,
01:01its small needles began to damage the tissues that surrounded it,
01:05which caused a gene in the chest and back.
01:08While the story was gaining popularity,
01:10scientists looked at this mysterious story and were not so easily inclined to believe it,
01:15claiming that it was very likely invented.
01:18On the one hand, most plants need a lot of light to grow,
01:21but there is none in a human lung.
01:24On the other hand, if it were that simple, we would all have things growing in our body.
01:28After all, small seeds are not so difficult to swallow or inhale.
01:33This is not the only story of plants growing in a human lung that disconcerted scientists.
01:39In 2010, a man from Massachusetts was hospitalized after his lung collapsed.
01:44Again, it did not seem to take the doctors by surprise,
01:47as unfortunate as it may be,
01:49because the patient already had antecedents of respiratory problems.
01:53Nevertheless, they discovered a mass inside the lung of the man
01:57and immediately removed it.
01:59What they found was just as surprising as the tree.
02:02A small plant of small peas.
02:04Only this time, the doctors suggested that the man had probably eaten peas for dinner
02:09and that one of them had simply taken the wrong path
02:12and had not finished in his stomach as he should have.
02:14Once he had reached his lungs, the little peas began to feel comfortable
02:17and began to grow leaves.
02:20The explanation is a little more complex in this case, but it remains plausible.
02:24It turns out that the piece that was removed from the lung of the man was only 15 cm long.
02:30Something so small can not really be considered a plant in its entirety,
02:34but the seed could still grow.
02:37It is because a pea can germinate even without light.
02:40It does so naturally underground.
02:42The tiny seed does not need light at this stage,
02:45because it has enough energy stored in it to help it grow to the ground level,
02:49where it will then receive the sunlight it needs to continue.
02:54Because of their relationship with the sun,
02:57plants are called autotrophs,
02:59or organisms that use exposure to light to feed.
03:03Many of us think that plants get their daily menu from the earth,
03:07but this is not enough.
03:10Plants need sunlight, water and gases in the air to produce glucose,
03:15the substance they use to feed themselves.
03:18This whole process is called photosynthesis,
03:20and is carried out by all plants, algae and even a bunch of microorganisms,
03:25such as purple, sulfurous bacteria.
03:28Now let's go back to our unfortunate human patient.
03:31While it is true that the pea could germinate because it contained enough moisture to survive,
03:36it did not become a normal-sized plant.
03:39Look at this.
03:41There are people who can fold their little finger without folding their ring.
03:45But most find it difficult, or even impossible, to accomplish.
03:49When they move their middle finger or little finger,
03:52they tend to slightly bend their ring as well.
03:55Yes, for me too this is the case.
03:57The luxation of the eyeball is an extremely rare condition
04:00that allows some people to bring their eyes out of their orbits.
04:04Unfortunately, this ability has disadvantages.
04:07It can lead to many eye problems.
04:10Some indigenous peoples, such as the Tibetans,
04:13can survive at altitudes as high as those of Mount Everest.
04:17This rare aptitude is very likely to appear after years of evolution.
04:22The ancestors of modern Tibetans lived in high regions for thousands of years,
04:27and their red blood cells have adapted as a result,
04:30making it possible to survive at dangerously low levels of oxygen.
04:34The Bajau are nomads of the sea living in Southeast Asia.
04:38These individuals have developed an extra-large rat
04:41serving as a depot of blood cells rich in oxygen.
04:44Thanks to this, they can easily spend 5 to 10 minutes
04:48fishing underwater without going back to the surface to breathe,
04:51if only once.
04:53About 14% of the population is deprived of long-palm muscle.
04:58Poor old man.
05:00It is in fact a rudimentary part of the body,
05:03and the need for it has disappeared during our evolutionary process.
05:07So, if you do not have this muscle, do not worry.
05:11Its absence does not affect the functioning of your forearm in any way.
05:15About 5 to 37% of people have been deprived of wisdom teeth since their birth.
05:21These teeth are no longer really necessary today.
05:24They were important for our ancestors,
05:26because they helped them to chew hard foods like nuts,
05:30roots and raw meat.
05:32And the caramels soft with the salt of Guérande.
05:35No, I'm making it up.
05:37But as most of the food we eat today is transformed,
05:40wisdom teeth are no longer just a simple atavism.
05:44Most people have only one spiral of hair implantation
05:47which goes in the direction of the needles and a watch.
05:50But 5 people out of 100 have a double crown.
05:53And if the two spirals are directed in the opposite direction of the needles and a watch,
05:57it makes the person even more unique.
06:00Some scientists think there is a genetic link
06:03between the direction of this spiral and our right hand.
06:06A little more than 8% of right-handed people have a spiral
06:10going in the opposite direction of the needles and a watch.
06:13But in left-handed people, this number goes up to 45%.
06:17The brain of the man ages faster than that of the woman.
06:21With age, men begin to complain more and more often
06:24of memory problems and lack of concentration.
06:27As for why the nails of the hands grow faster than those of the feet,
06:30the short answer could be that we use our hands more than our feet.
06:35Our fingernails are more exposed
06:37and we may have evolved to make them grow faster.
06:40The more you use a certain part of your body,
06:43the more it is exposed to damage.
06:45Speaking of fingers, it is high time to show recognition to our ears.
06:50We underestimate their importance
06:52because we do not use them to hold objects, eat or write.
06:56But recent studies have shown that losing the little finger of our dominant hand
07:00would have a devastating effect.
07:03Specialists have not collected enough data to provide precise figures,
07:07but according to what they have learned so far,
07:10losing our little finger would considerably weaken our forefinger strength,
07:14even if it is the least used finger.
07:17If we removed the ring, in addition,
07:19the effect would be even worse for our ability to perceive.
07:23Another recent study carried out in the United Kingdom
07:26showed that about 40% of people are satisfied with the appearance of their nose.
07:31No matter what you think of yours,
07:33the human nose is a superhero in everyday life.
07:36It acts as a heater, filter and humidifier.
07:41Inside each nostril, there are small holes in the shape of shelves
07:45that contain blood vessels.
07:47These heat the air before it reaches the other parts of our respiratory system.
07:52The mucus that is there takes care of making the air more humid.
07:56As for the filtering part, this is why we have nose hairs.
08:00The small particles get stuck on these hairs,
08:03which helps to prevent pollen, spores, viruses or bacteria from reaching our lungs.
08:08The cartoons make us believe that the sound our heart makes
08:12is due to the fact that it touches its environment when it beats.
08:15In reality, this sound is produced by the opening and closing of the heart valves.
08:20They are like small doors inside our heart that open and close
08:24to properly pump the blood from one side of the heart to the other.
08:28For our body to work, the blood must flow at the right time and in the right direction.
08:33Now let's talk about teeth.
08:35Throughout your life, you will spend up to 40 days in total just brushing your teeth.
08:40And in case you're still wondering, teeth are not bones,
08:44even if they have a lot in common with them.
08:47One of the main differences between bones and teeth
08:50is that our bones can regenerate.
08:52They are living tissues.
08:54Our teeth are not, and they remain permanently damaged once broken.
08:58Here's another surprising fact.
09:00We are the only species on this planet to have a chin.
09:04This question is still being debated in the scientific community,
09:07but one of the reasons seems to be to make our jaws stronger.
09:11As humans evolved, their teeth and jaw muscles became smaller and smaller.
09:17So they needed something to help them increase their jaw strength.
09:22Most of us have developed specific features
09:26depending on the region of the globe in which we live.
09:29But there is a group of people,
09:31especially those who live at high altitudes,
09:33who have developed rather nice features.
09:36High-altitude environments contain less oxygen.
09:40However, not only do these people survive in these places,
09:43but they have adapted so well that they thrive there.
09:46In the Andes, in South America,
09:49people have developed red blood cells that can transport a lot more oxygen.
09:53This makes their circulatory system much more efficient.
09:56People living in Tibet must endure similar conditions.
10:00But surprisingly, they have adapted differently.
10:03Tibetans can breathe more quickly
10:06in order to properly oxygenate their bodies.
10:09You have probably heard the myth
10:11that dreams only last a few seconds in reality.
10:14This is the case for some of them,
10:16but all dreams are not that short.
10:18There are many things that we do not yet understand
10:21about the way we dream.
10:23But what we do know is that dreams occur mainly
10:26during the phase of sleep called REM,
10:29or rapid eye movement.
10:31Hey, can you speak louder?
10:33I just ate a whole pizza.
10:35It's because after eating a big meal,
10:37our hearing tends to be a little less fine.
10:40During digestion, most of our blood circulation
10:43is oriented towards the stomach,
10:45which deprives a little of all the other organs.
10:48So, the next time you want to listen to your favorite band
10:51during a concert, make sure you eat a lighter meal
10:54so that your hearing is optimal.
10:56In addition to our stomach and our left kidney,
10:59we have a magical organ that can repel
11:01if we remove a part of it.
11:03Our liver can regenerate
11:05by making new cells called hepatocytes.
11:08They begin to multiply as soon as the liver has been damaged.
11:12The gravity of the lesion determines
11:14if the liver can regenerate completely
11:16and how long it will take to do so.
11:18You have already wondered what is the worst thing for your body,
11:21not sleeping or not eating.
11:23It turns out that lack of sleep is more dangerous.
11:26Indeed, if you do not rest,
11:28your body is exposed to much more risk.
11:30After 24 hours without sleep,
11:32you can start having memory problems
11:34and have trouble concentrating.
11:36After only 17 hours without sleep,
11:38you start to feel tired and dizzy,
11:41irritated, tense and more emotional.
11:44OK, I need a nap.
11:46Your pain receptors also become more sensitive,
11:49which means that everything hurts you a little more than normal.
11:52Oh, and it also affects your hearing.
11:55What?
11:56On the other hand,
11:58you can have your first 24-hour period without food
12:01before your body realizes that you have stopped eating.
12:04During the first 8 hours,
12:06you continue to digest the last meals you took.
12:09After these first hours,
12:11you start using stored fats as a source of energy.
12:14If you do not eat for more than 24 hours,
12:16your body will start eating its own proteins,
12:19which means that you will literally start losing muscle.
12:23Rainwater is not always drinkable.
12:25It can sometimes contain dangerous bacteria and viruses.
12:28In addition, in highly polluted places,
12:31it can also contain other harmful substances.
12:34Some communities rely solely on rainwater
12:36as their main source of hydration.
12:38But does rainwater have health benefits?
12:41Not really, according to current studies.
12:44Some of these dangerous substances
12:46can be eliminated from rainwater if you boil it.
12:49But it is preferable to remain cautious
12:51and to drink only water that comes from sources
12:54without any risk for human consumption.
12:56We produce sweat mainly to regulate our body temperature
13:00and to add a little moisture,
13:02like the one we need in the palm of our hands
13:05to have a better grip.
13:07But sweat does not appear only on our skin.
13:10It comes out of about 5 million pores on our body.
13:13We literally walk on a quarter of our bones every day.
13:16Our body has a little more than 200 bones,
13:19but about a quarter of them are in a very small surprising area,
13:23our feet.
13:25As we have 26 bones in each foot,
13:27we have 52 in both.
13:29You may have this physical feature without knowing it,
13:33since sometimes even radiographs go unnoticed.
13:36We have, for the most part, 12 pairs of ribs,
13:39namely 24 ribs in all.
13:42However, some people have 25.
13:46A single person out of 200 is born with this little plus.
13:49This is the cervical rib syndrome.
13:52This rib, in addition, is generally located above the first ribs,
13:55at the base of the neck and just above the clavicles.
13:58This is nothing alarming.
14:00Most of the time, the cervical ribs go unnoticed,
14:03and if they ever cause pain, they are easy to remove.
14:06Do you see the huskies?
14:08Have you noticed that their eyes are sometimes two different colors?
14:11Some humans also have this feature.
14:14This is a phenomenon called heterochromia.
14:17This word comes from the ancient Greek heteros,
14:20which means different,
14:22and from chroma, which means color.
14:25There are cases of total, central or partial heterochromia.
14:29When a person's eyes are two completely different colors,
14:33let's say a brown eye and a green eye,
14:36we talk about total heterochromia.
14:38When the outline of the pupil is a different color
14:41than the rest of the iris, we talk about central heterochromia.
14:44And when a single part of the eye is a different color,
14:47we talk about partial heterochromia.
14:49You are born with this feature,
14:51but it can also occur at a specific time,
14:53such as after an accident.
14:55It's still very rare.
14:57In the United States, people with this feature are less than 200,000.
15:00Let's say it's pretty cool anyway.
15:03Speaking of eye color,
15:05do you know what the rarest color is?
15:08No need to search on Google, it's gray.
15:11You might think it's blue,
15:13and you're not entirely wrong.
15:16The percentage of people with blue eyes
15:18is estimated to be between 8 and 17% worldwide.
15:21As for gray eyes, they are even less common.
15:24Less than 1% of the population has eyes of this color.
15:28This very rare feature
15:30is due to a low level of melanin in the layers of the iris.
15:34You are more likely to meet someone
15:36with gray eyes in Eastern and Northern Europe.
15:39There are even rarer eye colors,
15:41such as red and purple,
15:43but it can simply be a symptom of a particular state of health.
15:47There are people who have the chance
15:49to distinguish 100 million different colors,
15:52and without the help of gadgets.
15:55We distinguish colors
15:57thanks to photoreceptors located in our eyes.
15:59We generally have three types of photoreceptors
16:02capable of translating what we see into colors
16:05that our brain can capture.
16:07Researchers think there is a small group of people
16:10called tetrachromates,
16:12and they have four types of photoreceptors.
16:15To date, researchers have identified
16:17only women with this feature.
16:20Do you see this little piece of flesh
16:22hanging at the bottom of your throat?
16:24Yes, the one that helps you swallow.
16:26It's your urethra, also called uvula.
16:28This name comes from Latin uvula,
16:30which means little grain of grapes.
16:33Some people are born with what we call a bifid uvula,
16:38a uvula that has a slit or fork.
16:42It's great for farting in the evening.
16:45Joking aside, people with bifid uvulas
16:48can have problems eating, drinking, and speaking.
16:52They can also have digestion problems
16:55and have a strange speech.
16:57But it depends on the size of the slit of the uvula.
17:01No one really knows what the slit is for,
17:04but it's always at the end of a book.
17:06Oh no, it's not the right slit.
17:08Some researchers believe that the human slit
17:11helped our ancestors digest the bark of trees
17:14and other foods they ate at the time.
17:16Since then, our diet has been balanced
17:19and our slit could disappear without any consequences.
17:23Wisdom teeth also have no use.
17:26Yes, they were useful before the invention of the dentist,
17:29but we can do without them now.
17:32Your brain grows by about 2%
17:35if you venture into space.
17:37With terrestrial gravity,
17:39we think that the fluids in the brain
17:41flow down when we stand up.
17:43But microgravity prevents this process from occurring
17:47and the fluids accumulate in the brain
17:49and in the skull.
17:51As you age, the size of your brain
17:53gradually decreases.
17:55At 75, the brain is smaller than 30 years old
17:58and it starts to shrink at 40.
18:00It happens to everyone,
18:02so you just have to accept it
18:04and always train your brain.
18:06If you look carefully at your eyes in a mirror,
18:09you will notice a small pink circle
18:11in the corner of the eye.
18:13This is your third eyelid.
18:15Useless for humans,
18:17it is very useful for animals,
18:19especially for birds.
18:21It protects the eyes from dust.
18:23If you've ever heard of natural selection,
18:25you know what I'm talking about.
18:27Some parts of the body are damaged
18:29through generations,
18:31so if an element is dangerous or useless,
18:33it disappears the next generation,
18:35like the third eyelid, for example.
18:37It's not just our brain
18:39that shrinks over time.
18:41We shrink too.
18:43Our bones become more fragile
18:45and the spine compresses.
18:47Conversely, when you sleep and relax,
18:49your bones also relax
18:51and you wake up bigger than the day before.
18:53Our ears help us maintain balance.
18:55They don't just serve to hear.
18:57Our inner ear contains our vestibular system.
18:59The channels of the inner ear
19:01contain fluids and small sensors
19:03that look like hairs
19:05and allow you to maintain balance.
19:07As far as hairs are concerned,
19:09only a few parts of the body
19:11are not covered.
19:13These are palms of the hands,
19:15plants of the feet and lips.
19:17There are even hairs in the navel
19:19that protect it from impurities.
19:21Mine do their job very well.
19:23Our navels
19:25house a varied fauna.
19:27There are more than 70 different bacteria.
19:29Some of these bacteria
19:31are also present in the ground in Japan
19:33and others in the ice caps.
19:35You see,
19:37there is a real navel operation
19:39going on in your navel
19:41and you didn't know it.
19:43Only 43% of yourself
19:45is really there.
19:47You are composed of 50%
19:49of small creatures
19:51that live in your intestine
19:53and in other parts of the body.
19:55Although the number of your cells
19:57is less than the number of bacterial cells,
19:59you still have 100 trillion.
20:01Knowing this,
20:03your genes finally correspond
20:05to less than half of what constitutes you.
20:07If we consider all the microbes
20:09that live in your body
20:11and that we count their genes,
20:13we will talk about 2 to 20 million genes
20:15and their combinations.
20:17When you sleep,
20:19sometimes the brain works
20:21even harder when you are asleep.
20:25It must process tons of information
20:27and the calculations take time.
20:29One thing that really rests
20:31when you sleep is your nose.
20:33It is impossible to smell
20:35when you sleep.
20:37The smell goes away at night.
20:39If it smells very bad in your room,
20:41you won't even realize it.