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LearningTranscript
00:00 [MUSIC PLAYING]
00:03 With the effects of quarantining under COVID,
00:07 we had seen how quickly the environment could bounce back.
00:10 When it comes to healing the planet,
00:12 would we have to undergo those same restrictions
00:14 at the cost of increased mental health problems stemming
00:17 from this isolation again?
00:19 This also comes from the effects under solitary confinement
00:23 with the American prison system.
00:26 We've seen how negative it can be with this isolation.
00:32 It has affected us as a general population,
00:35 and it affects others as well the same way.
00:38 First of all, I mean, yes, it's true that to some extent,
00:50 we saw the environment bounce back at the time
00:56 of the COVID restrictions.
00:58 But when you look at the data, the bouncing back
01:05 was actually quite insignificant.
01:10 Yes, since we didn't have traffic,
01:13 so the level of NO2 and SO2 in the air, that went down.
01:22 At the same time, the level of consumption
01:29 within the household didn't really drastically go down.
01:33 Yes, people were not traveling by air, so to that extent,
01:38 gases were not being released up in the sky.
01:41 But still, the reduction was quite minimal.
01:48 But you're right, it still gives hope.
01:51 If we could see even a slight reduction
01:56 in a matter of a few months--
01:58 in fact, the reduction was visible within a few weeks,
02:01 actually--
02:03 then a lot can happen if our very lifestyles
02:11 can be made to change.
02:14 A lot can happen within one or two years.
02:18 And that's also the kind of scale
02:20 we are talking of when it comes to the urgency of climate
02:25 action.
02:25 We are saying we have five years or 10 years at the most.
02:29 So you need drastic changes in the lifestyle
02:35 of the common man.
02:39 Would drastic changes come with drastic approaches?
02:42 That won't last too long, you see,
02:47 if you have drastic approaches.
02:49 You think of, again, the COVID restrictions.
02:53 Yes.
02:54 In so many--
02:56 Yes, in so many--
02:58 From the individuals as well.
03:00 Exactly.
03:00 And we'd have people who would want to fight.
03:03 Exactly, exactly, exactly.
03:05 In so many countries, the societies
03:08 were on the brink of rioting.
03:12 They said that we are prepared to die,
03:16 but we are not prepared to follow the restrictions
03:21 that the medical society and the governments are imposing on us.
03:26 So unless it is something that the people agree to,
03:30 at least partially by themselves,
03:34 drastic approaches will result in a blowback.
03:39 Yes.
03:40 There would be--
03:41 A little bit of this--
03:42 Yes.
03:43 --comes with collective agreeance.
03:45 If we could get everyone to agree,
03:47 then we have better luck with trying to get this progress
03:50 that we're seeking.
03:51 Yeah.
03:53 Even if we can't get everyone to agree,
03:54 we need to have at least a sizable minority that
03:59 wholeheartedly agrees.
04:02 I sometimes say that probably even 10% constituency
04:09 would suffice to begin with.
04:12 But this 10% has to be a very genuine community.
04:16 And it would very soon snowball.
04:20 Within a matter of a few months, a few years,
04:24 you will find that it is gaining a lot of influence.
04:27 But that influence, or rather the gain in influence,
04:30 would be proportional to the sincerity of this community.
04:36 Do you think that that could happen with factors
04:39 like social engineering?
04:41 With tying back to the algorithms once more,
04:45 if we were to introduce something
04:48 within those algorithms to allow those people to see it more
04:54 and to get it to where they would eventually
04:56 start to follow along with that, this tactic
04:59 has gone with conspiracy theories
05:02 to where they see it so much to the point
05:04 where they start to believe it, too,
05:06 which form of social engineering.
05:09 I not only agree with what I said a few minutes back,
05:18 I genuinely mean it.
05:21 I'm actually living it.
05:22 We are every day creating more and more individuals
05:33 who are living very different kinds of lives.
05:39 If you ask them whether they have modified their lives
05:45 so that their lives are carbon neutral
05:49 or so that they remain ecologically
05:54 sensitive human beings, they will say no.
05:57 The climate or the ecology is never
06:00 something at the top of our mind.
06:05 Living rightly is what matters to us.
06:09 And because we live rightly, so our carbon footprint
06:13 is very small.
06:16 The size of our carbon footprint is just
06:18 an indirect consequence of the lives we are leading.
06:25 So what I'm talking of is not merely a thought or an idea.
06:31 It is something that we are executing every day
06:36 since so many years now.
06:39 And the number of those who have brought this
06:44 and who honestly see the truth in this
06:48 is very large.
06:49 A few thousands would be a conservative estimate.
06:58 If I want to be optimistic, I could say a few lakhs.
07:03 So when I said that we just need around 10% of the society
07:08 to start with, it is not all that impossible.
07:11 Had it been so impossible, it would
07:14 have been foolish to attempt it.
07:15 But we are not only attempting it.
07:18 I'm saying we are materializing it every passing day.
07:21 It is possible, and we are doing it.
07:23 What would you suggest on how we could encourage that 10%?
07:31 We are attempting it every day, and you've
07:38 said that it could be possible despite being
07:40 considered foolish.
07:41 How could we encourage them to that small 10% to pursue it?
07:45 The lives that the people are leading,
07:47 the life that the common man is leading,
07:49 nobody is satisfied with us, and that
07:51 is where your opportunity is.
07:54 You see, don't talk climate to the common man.
07:58 I have talked so much climate, and I know very well
08:01 they don't listen.
08:04 Yes, they would sound-- they would, yes.
08:08 For the sake of nominal virtue signaling,
08:12 they won't run away, or they won't candidly
08:15 admit in your face that they are not at all
08:17 interested in this topic.
08:19 So they will listen to you.
08:20 Somehow they'll tolerate listening to you.
08:24 But genuinely, they won't act much on the advice
08:30 or take the discourse home.
08:32 That's not going to happen.
08:34 But if you talk to them about their lives,
08:36 they listen because that's where their primary interest is.
08:41 And also finding a way to relate to the individual
08:44 that you're talking to.
08:46 Yes, obviously.
08:47 Yes, yes.
08:48 And nobody is happy living the way he is living.
08:52 We all need an inner revolution.
08:56 That inner revolution is the solution to the climate crisis.
09:02 Give them that inner change.
09:04 Give them a different way to live.
09:07 See, nobody wants that old kind of job
09:12 where you don't even know who is the one profiting out
09:17 of your work.
09:19 Nobody wants to get into the same kind of social institutions
09:24 and get married and have kids.
09:26 And you do all those things because you
09:28 don't see an alternative.
09:30 Nobody wants to remain confined to a physical place called home
09:34 and spend three quarters of his life there.
09:40 That's against who we really are.
09:44 So there is a lot of incentive to change.
09:51 We are leading, if I may say, pretty rotten lives.
09:56 And that rottenness is emitting a lot of carbon.
10:01 When things rot, when organic stuff rots,
10:05 what do you get is carbon.
10:07 So we are all organic, and we are rotting.
10:10 And there is a lot of carbon dioxide.
10:13 People don't want to rot, especially young people.
10:16 They want to live rather than rot.
10:20 Help them live.
10:21 Help people live.
10:24 And you will avert the climate catastrophe.
10:28 Give right kinds of lives to people,
10:30 and you'll find their interest in false consumism
10:37 or insane procreation or meaningless kind
10:47 of entertainment.
10:48 All this will greatly drop.
10:52 We are not born to emit carbon.
10:55 We are born to gain liberation.
10:59 If we find that the common man is a carbon producer rather
11:08 than a seeker for liberation, it simply
11:15 means that the right ideas have not been given to us.
11:20 Rather, the wrong ideas have seized our mind.
11:25 Give people the right ideas, which are
11:30 an antidote to the wrong ideas.
11:32 So the right knowledge, and give them
11:35 a glimpse of an alternate kind of life.
11:40 Show them that the opportunity is real,
11:44 and you'll find they'll take it.
11:48 You need to be hopeful about this.
11:50 Show the opportunity, and people will take it.
11:54 If we continue to live the way we do,
11:57 if our desires, hopes, relationships, emotions,
12:00 houses, families, jobs, careers, aspirations,
12:04 this is what constitutes a common person's life, right?
12:07 If this remains the way it is, carbon remains the way it is
12:12 and only gets worse.
12:13 I believe that should be all from me for now.
12:22 But I do appreciate this.
12:24 Thank you.
12:25 Thank you.
12:25 It's a little bit on the different side
12:33 of the spectrum of human common sense
12:37 and the emptiness that causes a large carbon footprint
12:42 and need for consumption.
12:44 Do you personally think that religion or lack thereof
12:49 has any impact on what a person feels
12:53 like is the right level of consumption,
12:57 or what is right and wrong regarding their carbon
13:00 footprint?
13:02 You said religion or what was the next word you used?
13:06 Or lack thereof.
13:08 So whether they have religion or they don't have religion,
13:10 do you think that plays a part in how much they consume
13:14 or how large their carbon footprint is?
13:17 See, obviously, first of all, what is religion?
13:21 Religion is the way to bring this restless mind to peace.
13:32 We are born restless, and there is no moment
13:36 when we feel safe, secure, and sane within.
13:43 So religion, in its purest sense, in its true sense,
13:49 is the intention and the way to bring the mind to some sanity,
13:56 some peace, some rest.
13:58 That's what religion is.
14:01 But then we see so many distorted versions
14:04 of religion going around.
14:05 I'm not talking of all that.
14:08 I'm talking of pure religion.
14:10 I'm talking of core spirituality.
14:13 So true religion obviously involves
14:18 knowing what the mind is, what plagues it,
14:21 and therefore what can heal it.
14:25 If you can know what really your sickness is about,
14:29 then you will stop giving yourself false treatments.
14:34 The climate crisis that we see is
14:35 a result of the false treatments we apply to the mind.
14:39 So if we can be truly religious, then the climate crisis
14:53 and so many other problems facing us
14:57 would be very naturally taken care of.
15:03 Right?
15:05 So am I saying the people who are not religious,
15:11 they will keep contributing to the crisis,
15:14 that they will never be a part of the solution?
15:16 Well, no.
15:19 If religion is about being truly observant of the mind
15:26 and being determined to bring it to its true destination,
15:39 a true rest, then it does not matter
15:42 whether one calls himself religious or not.
15:48 One could very well declare himself an atheist or agnostic,
15:56 but if he still has honesty within,
16:03 to self-respect, to observe what is going on,
16:14 then the fellow is religious in the true sense.
16:21 The society may call him irreligious,
16:25 the fellow himself may call himself a hater of religion,
16:35 but he would still be deeply religious.
16:39 So religion is not an ideology, it is not a tag you wear.
16:44 Religion is a certain inner quality.
16:48 Religion is to be honest to yourself,
16:50 you want to know what your inner climate is like
16:55 and you are not afraid of seeing that the inner climate is not good.
17:00 And when you see that, then you don't run away,
17:05 you don't start lying to yourself.
17:09 With courage and determination you say,
17:11 "Yes, the inner climate is not right, but I'll set it right."
17:15 That's what life is for, to set a few things right.
17:22 That's religiosity.
17:26 You could actually say that the climate crisis is a crisis of loss or dilution of true religiosity.
17:46 And hence, if the climate were to be saved,
17:53 we might find that the redemption or rescue of climate
18:05 is parallel to and concurrent with a revival of true religiosity.
18:18 Because these two will go hand in hand.
18:21 The betterment of the inner climate through understanding
18:27 and a betterment of the outer climate through renunciation.
18:38 Observation of the inner climate leads to dispassion and detachment
18:48 towards the stuff that is causing the inner sickness.
18:55 And this observation of the inner climate will become a renunciation
19:03 leading to betterment of outer climate.
19:08 These two will always go hand in hand.
19:12 So, I'm glad you brought this up and helped me come to this,
19:21 that what we are having is a crisis in religion.
19:27 And that crisis in religion is unfolding externally in so many disastrous ways.
19:39 That was great. Thank you. Thank you for your time.
19:45 Thank you.
19:47 I'm an environmental lawyer and working with an NGO
19:53 and have been listening to you since past three years.
19:56 So, the question I have is that I believe lawyers and activists in the domain of environment
20:03 win worthless battles or such battles which will seldom benefit in achieving the climate goals.
20:10 So, I'm often seeing that the cataclysmic projects getting environmental clearances
20:16 or the amendments to the acts which delays the impact assessment reports
20:20 that any industry before setting up should furnish
20:24 or a utilitarian anthropocentric approach disguised as sustainable development
20:29 and several other deficiencies.
20:31 So, you have always been telling and even today that conferences, policies and discussions
20:38 will not yield much results unless man's mind comes to rest and bows down before the scriptures.
20:45 And I completely agree with this.
20:47 However, unless I think the spiritual message is spread to the multitude,
20:53 unless Ashtavakra is in the minds of the masses,
20:56 I think it is very important that the legal and compliance standards should be robust.
21:03 And looking at the obstacles which we lawyers and scientists face nowadays,
21:10 I think I'm not able to perform my duties or in Hindi as the saints call it, the Nishkamkarn.
21:17 So, kindly elucidate on this.
21:19 You are very right. It may take time to bring Ashtavakra to every single household.
21:35 To begin with, bring Ashtavakra at least to those who are in charge of policy making.
21:45 Finally, obviously, every single sentient being must be awakened.
21:56 But because we know that we do not have much time when it comes to climate action.
22:05 So, at least bring Ashtavakra to the policy makers, the legislators and other people.
22:20 Otherwise, tell me how do you propose to induce a change in them?
22:27 Mostly we are talking of democracies and in democracies, leaders represent the masses.
22:36 Sometimes the leaders represent the worst face of the masses.
22:47 Right? The leaders are the masses themselves.
22:53 If the leaders, the legislators are not exposed to Ashtavakra or Vedanta,
23:07 how will you get the right kinds of policies and bills and laws?
23:20 But since the majority of people are following this utilitarian approach
23:26 and are not bowing before, as I said, the scriptures and are not able to commit themselves to them.
23:37 So, how can this wave start?
23:42 See, the scriptures are not an idea.
23:47 The scriptures are not an opinion that someone may agree or disagree with.
23:56 If you look into this statement that people are not interested in the scriptures or people are not bowing down to the scriptures,
24:08 what does it mean? What do we mean by the scriptures?
24:11 The scriptures are like mirrors. They show you who you are.
24:17 They represent to you the reality of your life.
24:20 I do not know the meaning when we say that people are not liking the scriptures.
24:27 The scriptures don't say a thing. There is nothing in the scriptures you can agree to or disagree with.
24:35 There is just nothing in the scriptures. So then what is happening?
24:41 What is happening is that the scriptures are not really being brought to the people.
24:45 The scriptures are being brought in the form of ideas and concepts and opinions and stories and beliefs.
24:55 Now that is something the masses can quarrel with and disagree with and also reject.
25:04 You can quarrel with an opinion or concept or ideology. Can you not?
25:10 You can very well reject a system of thought.
25:13 Now if you turn the Gita or Vedant into a system of thought or solid beliefs,
25:24 then people get the right to disagree and reject.
25:34 Not only that, even those who agree are now agreeing to a system of belief and thought.
25:41 Therefore their agreement is now superfluous. Do you see this?
25:47 So it is not the scriptures that are failing. The scriptures have to be rediscovered in every era.
25:58 The scriptures have to be brought afresh to the masses in every era.
26:09 In every century, with every passing generation, the scriptures require a new face.
26:17 That face is missing.
26:21 What the scriptures say always has to be given a contemporary life. That is what is not being given.
26:39 You bring the Bhagavad Gita to people and they read it as if it has not touched them.
26:51 They go through the verses without the verses cracking anything within them.
27:00 And that is not possible. If one really understands the Gita, the Gita will shatter him.
27:07 You cannot go through the Gita unscathed.
27:12 If you really understand the Gita, the Gita will remain and you will be demolished.
27:19 But that kind of thing doesn't happen.
27:22 That doesn't happen because the Gita needs to be retold in this age.
27:28 What do you mean by retelling?
27:32 We need today's context, we need today's language, we need contemporary examples.
27:40 We need the eternal truth to be brought to this time.
27:47 We need somebody who knows how to make bridges.
27:54 The truth is eternal, eternal, eternal, eternal, not only eternal, beyond eternal, timeless.
28:00 But you are living in your particular time. Climate crisis is a phenomena of your time.
28:08 Now, nowhere are the words climate and crisis mentioned in the Gita, right? Are they?
28:15 So that's what. Today you have to have a mind that reads the Gita and sees the solution for climate change.
28:27 That bridge, that mind is missing. Are you getting what I am saying?
28:35 I could dare to say that the Gita contains the very right, the very central and a sure shot solution to the climate crisis.
28:52 I could even say that the Gita contains the only possible solution to climate crisis.
28:58 And having said that, if I distribute copies of the Gita among hundred people, they will not find any of the solution I am talking of.
29:08 They will say where is that solution? What nonsense?
29:11 What we have here is arcane and obscure stuff irrelevant to this century.
29:32 So you need that mind that can read climate crisis in the Sanskrit verses of the Gita.
29:45 And then the scriptures come to life. That's what you need.
29:51 If that mind, if that bridge is not there, then the scriptures remain where they are, pure as they always were, but not very useful.
30:01 I am Alec. I am from the Philippines. A little background about me. I am an educator, also a graduate student.
30:20 I will go straight forward to my question. Since you have mentioned that we have to change what our outlooks or our beliefs or ideals are.
30:34 For instance, we are so, or people in general are too in line with consumerism and all that.
30:43 But I wanted to point out a certain systemic problem or a certain system that instigates it rather than look into an individual level.
30:51 That's why I'm going to ask, do you believe that we should totally scrap off capitalism and all its tools?
31:01 For instance, the market, the concept of buying, the concept of selling, the concept of production.
31:09 Since you have also mentioned that all of these philosophies that we have been following so far since the rise of man is erroneous.
31:18 I believe you have mentioned that earlier. But the question is, do you think that we should totally eliminate capitalism in the face of the earth?
31:32 You see, what is capitalism? Capitalism is you have the rights to see what people in general are demanding in terms of material goods and services.
31:53 And you can produce those goods and services. And you can also advertise your stuff. Right?
32:00 And if there are people who want to buy what you are producing, there would be a market.
32:06 And since there are several of you probably producing the same goods, so there would be competition.
32:12 And all kinds of private persons have the right to produce and that is capitalism. Right?
32:25 Every single person has the right to make a profit. That is capitalism.
32:33 Now what is at the root of capitalism? I know that you are desirous of something material.
32:42 Having known that you desire something material, I produce what you desire.
32:47 And knowing that you are desirous of this stuff, I create conditions in which you desire more and more of what I produce.
32:56 That is capitalism. Right? Capitalism is basically an extension of our superficial lives.
33:04 I am looking at you and I am not bothered about the kind of person you are, whether you suffer within,
33:12 what you really love and what would really bring peace to you. I am not bothered with all of that.
33:18 I am bothered only with the fact that you probably want to buy a new shirt.
33:24 And you want to buy a new shirt, I will produce that new shirt and sell it to you at a profit.
33:29 Right? This is capitalism at the psychological level.
33:35 Superficial relationship between man and man, a relationship that is founded basically on profit.
33:43 My relationship with you is that I want to sell you something so that I may make some profit.
33:49 This is capitalism. But what alternative do you have? You can give all the means and rights of production to a centralized government.
33:58 How do things change? The man is still the same.
34:02 What may actually happen is that the government is not very sensitive to your desire and you want a shirt and the government may give you sandals.
34:12 I don't know whether that makes your spiritual condition any better.
34:16 One very adverse fallout of the capitalist system is that you don't only produce,
34:29 you have to, it is incumbent on you to encourage consumerism as well.
34:37 So you simply cannot have capitalism in isolation. You will always have capitalist consumerism or consumer capitalism.
34:48 So that is there but even that is fundamentally a problem of our animalistic tendencies.
34:58 You bring about any other economic system and unless the human being has changed from within,
35:06 you will find it suffers from the same kind of human follies.
35:10 So have we not tried enough of socialist systems? We have mixed economies, we have socialist economies and we had hardcore communist systems as well.
35:26 Did they really deliver even social goods let alone spiritual advancement?
35:34 So I don't think it's about the economic system you are living in or the economic philosophy you follow.
35:45 It's about your spiritual quotient. Do you understand what does it mean to be a human being?
35:53 How is a human being really different from an animal let's say?
35:59 We have addressed this question. In India, Vedanta took only this question as significant
36:11 and this question was addressed 500-800 years before the Christ.
36:17 In the West, in the last 200-300 years, you have had Viktor Frankl, you have had Kierkegaard,
36:27 there is Nietzsche and somebody has talked of the will to life, the will to meaning, the will to purpose, the will to power.
36:42 And the entire thing is about knowing what we really want.
36:50 So Frankl would say we want meaning, Nietzsche would say we want power.
36:57 What is it that you really want beyond your animal nature? That needs to be known.
37:03 And once that is known, then you will get a suitable economic system as well.
37:09 Then you may as well have capitalism and even capitalism will be good.
37:14 It is not capitalism that fails. It is the capitalist that fails because the capitalist is the person.
37:24 Similarly, socialism won't fail. It is the socialist who would fail because the person is everything.
37:32 Has the person been set right? Has the person been treated? I hope I am making some sense. I don't know.
37:40 Yeah, actually that makes a lot of sense and I actually agree with that point that it is not about really the capitalism.
37:50 I just wanted to brush off that idea of totally that when we antagonize consumerism, it is highly related to capitalism.
38:02 It is because it is highly related to capitalism, but again, as I understand, it is more on an individual battle,
38:13 more on an individual one rather than an institutional one. I hope I get that right.
38:21 So as a follow-up question, how can you suggest that or how can you say that we can achieve a collective mind
38:32 on that certain idea of each and every one of us will be knowing our own meanings?
38:39 So arriving on that moment, how can we achieve that on a greater scale in the society
38:46 if most of our systems and institutions somewhat contradict that idea?
38:58 There are chances that the government might not value individual search for meaning,
39:08 they might value something that is beneficial for them or for the system or for them to stay in power.
39:17 So how can we achieve that given that we have these contradictions in different aspects in the society?
39:24 You see, it is a strange thing, but it is possible and it does happen that sometimes
39:39 the intensity of love is directly proportional to the resistance that your love is facing.
39:58 The more you find societies and governments averse to the truth you have,
40:12 the more you start valuing and loving the truth you have. It does happen.
40:19 So it is not as if governmental apathy or social resistance will necessarily weaken your truth.
40:34 The very opposite is also possible that you know that the government is resistant to what you really have
40:54 and therefore you become all the more committed to what you really have.
40:59 The example that I gave is of the colonial period in India, the first half of the last century.
41:14 When we sit down to list the towering figures in the last century of Indian history,
41:32 what we find is that if we have 100 names to list,
41:37 some 90 of them or 95 of them are from the first half of the century.
41:45 What is happening? You see, India got independence in 1947 and that's the first half of the century.
41:55 The conditions were just not right for any kind of greatness to prosper.
42:09 And exactly because the conditions were adverse, greatness prospered.
42:20 And when the conditions become favorable, what we found was deterioration in the human spirit.
42:33 After 1950 till the year 2000, we do not see much individual greatness in India.
42:43 But we see a decent level of economic progress and India becomes a bigger military power and those things happen.
42:55 Literacy levels rise and people are given rights and there is so much that people can do
43:05 and people make very little use of those rights.
43:09 And there was a time in the first half of that century when the British were not giving too many rights to Indians
43:19 and in spite of that we had great literature coming and we had the Nobel Prize in literature
43:26 and not only the Nobel Prize, much of what is valuable in the literary dimension comes from that first half.
43:38 We had revolutionaries we swear by even today.
43:44 So how was that happening? All that was happening in the face of adversity.
43:53 I fully appreciate the importance of the right conditions.
44:01 But then it is not necessary that favorable conditions are to be called as the right conditions.
44:12 It's ironical. So I am not saying that we should deliberately turn the conditions unfavorable
44:24 and that people should be oppressed and terrorized and that will bring out the greatness in them.
44:31 No. But there is something within that loves a good challenge.
44:42 The human spirit gets awakened when challenged.
44:49 So I will not therefore give too much importance to what the governments are saying and what's the general social attitude.
45:01 I would rather give primacy to the individual. If the individual can be set alight,
45:09 then great things just happen. Governments, societies, conditions, all these then become things to be overcome easily.
45:26 I don't know whether I was more factual or poetic but that's what.
45:39 Thank you very much. That makes a lot of sense. I think that's all for me.
45:46 Thank you very much for having me here, Dr. Acharya.
45:50 Thank you very much.
45:52 Thank you.
45:55 I want to thank you very much, Acharya and Peyton and Alec and all the other students who participated,
46:09 including those who listened in and didn't ask questions but stayed with us for this entire conversation.
46:19 This has been fascinating, deep. I was thinking there's no way to try to summarize this up,
46:28 but I think, Acharya, you actually in your last answer gave us really the summation of all of this,
46:35 which is more love, less carbon. If we can achieve that, then the world will be a much better place.
46:44 Thank you so much.
46:46 Thank you all for joining us. On behalf of Bard College and our graduate programs in sustainability,
46:53 we wish you all more love and less carbon emissions.
46:58 Thank you, sir. Best wishes.
47:02 [Music]