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00:00:00 [BLANK_AUDIO]
00:00:10 [MUSIC]
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00:00:57 I had a pretty unconventional childhood.
00:01:01 My father was the publisher and friend of Jacques Cousteau,
00:01:06 the underwater explorer.
00:01:08 [MUSIC]
00:01:10 And so I grew up listening to the stories of Cousteau's adventures.
00:01:15 [MUSIC]
00:01:19 I remember one day him telling me the very first time they dove into this
00:01:24 dark cave with some experimental lighting.
00:01:27 [MUSIC]
00:01:29 They hoped it would improve their ability to film underwater.
00:01:32 [MUSIC]
00:01:34 In the murky depths, sea life had always just appeared as dark and
00:01:40 gray silhouettes.
00:01:43 But when they turned on the lights,
00:01:45 [MUSIC]
00:01:47 They discovered the most extraordinary colors they had ever seen.
00:01:52 [MUSIC]
00:01:56 I was really young, but
00:01:58 I remember feeling just how much that experience had affected him.
00:02:04 Not only had they discovered something so beautiful in nature,
00:02:09 but they now had the power to share those incredible colors with millions of people.
00:02:16 He knew even then how much that could change our perception of the world.
00:02:22 [MUSIC]
00:02:25 And something profound changed within me that day.
00:02:29 [MUSIC]
00:02:37 I think that's when I became an artist.
00:02:41 [MUSIC]
00:02:47 In 2013, I began photographing these installations that I called
00:02:53 time shines to document how our planet was changing.
00:02:57 [MUSIC]
00:03:00 I started using these strong symbols about time and choice everywhere I went.
00:03:07 [MUSIC]
00:03:10 I wanted to show what we have, what we're about to lose,
00:03:16 and especially what we've already lost.
00:03:19 [MUSIC]
00:03:22 I discovered so many worlds along the way,
00:03:25 from the highest peaks of the Himalaya to the depths of our underworld.
00:03:32 [MUSIC]
00:03:33 From the Amazonian rainforest to the great mega cities.
00:03:38 Everywhere I went, I found the same story.
00:03:44 One story.
00:03:47 From the Earth's tallest peaks to the ocean floor,
00:03:50 scientists warn no part of the world will be spared from the climate crisis.
00:03:55 That storms are going to sweep the Earth and that we're all going to die of a heat wave.
00:03:59 I mean, this is an incredible, bad, bad science.
00:04:03 Roughly one million species are on the verge of extinction.
00:04:07 Carbon dioxide does not control temperatures or climate on any scale of time.
00:04:13 [MUSIC]
00:04:15 When I was a kid, I never really thought about whether the world that I knew
00:04:20 might be different 20 years down the road.
00:04:23 [MUSIC]
00:04:25 It's during this journey that I realized just how fast the world is changing.
00:04:31 [MUSIC]
00:04:33 One worst case prediction sees a billion people affected by the year 2050.
00:04:38 Drought and famine are forecasted, along with more frequent and destructive storms.
00:04:44 All civilizations become space faring or extinct.
00:04:48 We need a plan B.
00:04:51 It became clear I couldn't rely solely on my artistic intuition to understand it.
00:04:58 I needed a soundboard.
00:05:00 I needed facts.
00:05:02 That's when I met Dr. Julie Pullen.
00:05:07 Climate change can manifest in so many different ways across the planet.
00:05:11 As you've seen in your travels, as you've chronicled,
00:05:14 not everywhere is experiencing rainfall.
00:05:16 Not everywhere is at the moment experiencing extreme heat.
00:05:20 And so weaving that story together, like, you know what?
00:05:23 These are all connected.
00:05:25 This is a global pattern with local impacts.
00:05:29 It's a really big story to tell.
00:05:32 Throughout my journey, I noticed a kind of pattern emerging.
00:05:37 A lot of the people that I encountered were on the front line
00:05:42 and already dealing with a changing planet.
00:05:47 They were, of course, reacting to it.
00:05:50 But more than anything, they were adapting to a new world.
00:05:55 [CHANTING]
00:05:57 It was clear to me I had to share their stories
00:06:02 in order to make my art complete.
00:06:06 [♪♪♪]
00:06:09 [♪♪♪]
00:06:32 [♪♪♪]
00:06:35 Apremusang is probably one of the most, if not the most,
00:06:52 remote locations in the Himalayas.
00:06:56 It's very difficult to fly to
00:06:58 because the mountains are so high and so close together
00:07:02 that it's actually quite dangerous to get there by plane.
00:07:05 And it was pretty incredible
00:07:07 because you felt like you could actually touch the mountains
00:07:10 if you had stuck your hand out the window.
00:07:13 [BIRDS CHIRPING]
00:07:15 Some of the milestones of change
00:07:18 that were associated with the higher latitudes
00:07:21 seemed to be happening sooner than was projected.
00:07:25 [♪♪♪]
00:07:27 You know, some of the most resilient people on the planet
00:07:31 are the ones that are experiencing
00:07:33 the most acute changes associated with climate change.
00:07:37 [♪♪♪]
00:07:40 [WATER BUBBLING]
00:07:56 [SPEAKING FOREIGN LANGUAGE]
00:07:59 Apremusang used to always be this isolated kingdom
00:08:06 in north of the Himalayas.
00:08:09 As a kid, we grew up, like, playing in the rivers,
00:08:12 riding horses, like, trying to ride cows and all that.
00:08:16 The first visitor arrived in 1992
00:08:18 when it was opened for tourism.
00:08:23 I remember that somebody had a Polaroid camera,
00:08:26 and he took photos of us, and he gave it to us.
00:08:29 [♪♪♪]
00:08:32 And we were-- Me and my friends were, like,
00:08:35 very already blown away to see this foreign person
00:08:38 in the neighborhood, but we were even more shocked
00:08:40 to see all the little, you know, like, the Polaroid photos
00:08:43 of ourselves and things like this.
00:08:45 Dashi is part of the new youth groups
00:08:51 that have started in that region.
00:08:55 These youth groups that are trying to preserve
00:09:00 their culture and their art,
00:09:03 and in the same time, they're trying to develop
00:09:06 new opportunities for a new generation
00:09:09 to be able to stay there and not leave to go to the cities.
00:09:12 [♪♪♪]
00:09:15 Look at those guys.
00:09:17 We used to ride horses and cows, you know.
00:09:19 They're riding bicycles.
00:09:21 Ooh, a new set of prayer wheels.
00:09:30 Look, they're so shiny and bling-bling.
00:09:32 Oh, wow, they are. They're so bling-bling.
00:09:34 Someday I would love to make electricity out of them, you know?
00:09:37 Put a little turbine, and then you're like, "Shh,"
00:09:40 and then you can make electricity.
00:09:41 That would be amazing.
00:09:42 Yeah, it would be street lamps, see?
00:09:47 Because we want to document the evolution of climate here
00:09:50 and climate change and climate breakdown in a way.
00:09:52 And so nobody really believes that that is happening in the Himalayas.
00:09:56 It's very hard for people to think, you know,
00:09:58 it's cold and there's glaciers and all that.
00:10:00 The glacial sources of water are drying up,
00:10:02 and if not drying up, are getting reduced so much
00:10:05 that they have not enough water to irrigate their fields,
00:10:08 which is their main source of food.
00:10:10 It's just a desert everywhere, right?
00:10:13 And two of these villages that we're going to,
00:10:15 the only option is to move elsewhere where there's abundant sources of water.
00:10:18 So they're moving right now.
00:10:19 The glaciers in the Himalaya region
00:10:38 represent the primary freshwater source for that whole region.
00:10:42 Downstream, it's really creating life for humans.
00:10:48 So losing the glaciers is going to transform their lives.
00:10:55 [Birds chirping]
00:10:57 It was very challenging and a little dangerous too,
00:11:16 especially if you're not a good horseback rider like me.
00:11:21 You've got these really deep ditches,
00:11:24 and your horse is going on this really thin path,
00:11:27 and you just shouldn't look down,
00:11:29 and you just have to trust your horse and just keep on going.
00:11:33 It was like really living the nomad life
00:11:37 and seeing and understanding how they've been living forever.
00:11:41 What moves me a lot, or moves so many people I'm sure,
00:11:48 is that when you see in televisions and news and media
00:11:52 that people believe in climate change or not, you know?
00:11:55 And the fact that some people think that they can believe in it or not,
00:11:59 it's just so striking when you see it happening right in front of you.
00:12:02 [Laughter]
00:12:15 [Indistinct chatter]
00:12:18 As a Westerner, I had this vision that, you know,
00:12:26 the Himalaya and snow and ice and water...
00:12:29 I really didn't realize that there was such a drama unfolding.
00:12:38 There is so much ancient culture there,
00:12:44 and so it's this incredible duality because they're losing their glaciers,
00:12:48 but with that, there's such a great risk that they're going to be losing their culture.
00:12:53 It was almost immediate that there was no way I could recount the story of the loss
00:13:05 without integrating the cultural loss as well.
00:13:10 [Chanting]
00:13:13 Oh my goodness, all this music.
00:13:27 Yeah.
00:13:28 The protector gods of Shizhong.
00:13:31 They're so strange. They're so different, no?
00:13:34 All the protector gods are made to look as wrathful as possible, you know?
00:13:38 [Chanting]
00:13:41 They will be forced to migrate, and they will have to abandon their ancestry.
00:13:59 They're literally leaving their gods behind.
00:14:03 [Music]
00:14:06 It's a big reality.
00:14:22 The 2,000 Himalayan glaciers that are feeding around 1.6 billion people on Earth
00:14:27 is now like slowly, slowly disappearing.
00:14:32 And then the fact that there's nothing they can do as a personal measure to solve this.
00:14:37 Climate change, weather unpredictability is something of a global concern.
00:14:45 We should all act on it because we're all responsible in a way.
00:14:52 It's them today, but it will be everybody else tomorrow.
00:14:59 They're just at the front line.
00:15:01 And it's also about compassion and deciding who we want to be as a species.
00:15:06 Do we want to keep on saying, "Well, that's really far away, and it's never going to happen to us"?
00:15:12 Or do we feel that these are fellow humans and we need to be compassionate?
00:15:16 My installations are about showing you that reality,
00:15:23 asking you not to turn your back away from it,
00:15:26 and decide what you choose to do because you have a choice.
00:15:30 We don't have time anymore to delay action.
00:15:36 One of the extraordinary advances in science has been the ability to simulate the whole Earth system
00:15:44 using advances in supercomputing technology.
00:15:47 So we can look at how the different components of the Earth system,
00:15:51 the air, the water, the land surface, the ice, interact with each other and feed back to each other.
00:15:58 We can already kind of read the future thanks to these supercomputers. Is that possible?
00:16:03 You know, if our emissions continue on a high pathway,
00:16:07 then we can see how that plays out for the planet.
00:16:10 If our emissions are capped and decline at a certain point, then that's a different trajectory.
00:16:19 The ones who are experiencing the most significant changes are those sentinels.
00:16:24 They're those societies and civilizations that can help point the way to how to navigate this world in flux.
00:16:34 I mean, I've really seen this with the Shipibo tribes that are in the Peruvian Amazon.
00:16:40 They're by culture and by nature, they're Earth protectors.
00:16:44 [Music]
00:16:47 [Music]
00:16:50 This is the sea we're diving.
00:17:15 [Music]
00:17:18 This is survival, the machete.
00:17:36 For survival and for any defense that can attack us, the wild animals.
00:17:42 [Music]
00:17:45 Sometimes it's a cultural object, sometimes it's organic.
00:18:11 There's a search, there's a quest.
00:18:15 There's definitely a process in what I do.
00:18:21 I arrive on location and I need to connect to the location and understand the place better.
00:18:34 You know, it's challenges, the people, their challenges, their history.
00:18:43 And every time it's a learning process because I'm trying to put together a symbolic representation of that place.
00:18:54 [Music]
00:18:58 [Music]
00:19:01 [Music]
00:19:28 Jared is a forest protector by tradition because the Shipibo tribe is a tribe that has always protected the forest.
00:19:36 And he has also become a park ranger and he's become a modern forest protector as well.
00:19:50 [Speaking in Shipibo]
00:19:58 [Speaking in Shipibo]
00:20:26 [Speaking in Shipibo]
00:20:29 [Singing in Shipibo]
00:20:43 [Singing in Shipibo]
00:20:46 Jared is obviously protecting what they call the spirit trees because they're so ancient and they're so huge.
00:21:09 And therefore they have this value because that's like the ultimate luxury is to be able to cut them and use them for something else.
00:21:18 This tree has so many creatures living in it.
00:21:26 So all these little spiders came over and started walking around in the insulation.
00:21:32 And then, yeah, of course, then I put in my symbols, you know.
00:21:36 [Speaking in Shipibo]
00:21:39 And so there's like these red flowers, these beautiful red flowers that, you know, in our world, in our Western world,
00:22:02 is like something that is so luxurious and so rare to find. You only find them in certain forests.
00:22:07 And there they're everywhere.
00:22:09 And at the beginning I was like, there's no way I can cut these flowers because they're just, for me,
00:22:15 they were just such an incredible, luxurious experience.
00:22:18 And then that's when the Shipibos told me that's not a problem.
00:22:22 You need to cut them because like that it will just regenerate faster.
00:22:27 [Music]
00:22:55 We're going to have to send a drone to the part that is deforested so we can see if there's no one dangerous in there.
00:23:01 So it's safe for us.
00:23:02 So we just send a drone and if nobody's there, then we can go.
00:23:04 We can get in, yeah.
00:23:05 Okay, perfect. Great.
00:23:21 The rainforest is being destroyed at an alarming rate.
00:23:24 Destructive fires tore through massive sections of the Amazon rainforest last summer.
00:23:28 And even before that, it had lost 20% of its landmass to deforestation in the last four decades.
00:23:34 Logging is a lucrative industry in Peru and timber from the rainforest has become a key export.
00:23:40 The vast majority is caused by small-scale loggers or farmers,
00:23:44 many of whom cut down forests to grow coca for the black market.
00:23:48 How many hectares?
00:23:50 This is approximately 5 hectares of deforestation.
00:23:55 It's incredible.
00:23:56 Yes.
00:23:57 How long? How long does it take?
00:23:59 This deforested area is about a month old.
00:24:04 A month?
00:24:05 A month from when they fell.
00:24:07 This is the other facet of the Amazon.
00:24:13 I mean, it's the deforestation.
00:24:15 This image is, you know, what I had to do.
00:24:20 I mean, the other one is what I wanted to do, and this one is what I had to do.
00:24:25 We are 14 Guerra Parque, Peru, with 1,354,485.10 hectares that cover the protected area.
00:24:37 And it's quite dangerous because of the illegal work that exists in each area of the protected area.
00:24:48 [Music]
00:25:15 It's like walking in a cemetery.
00:25:19 If you're coming from that life and from that vitality and you end up here,
00:25:24 it's not even like a burial ground. It's just a dead zone.
00:25:28 [Music]
00:25:34 [Spanish]
00:25:49 [Music]
00:25:53 [Spanish]
00:26:04 [Music]
00:26:12 I think now if he gets the palms to put on the sides.
00:26:16 [Music]
00:26:35 What I saw there was, it was a forest under attack.
00:26:39 The entire jungle is completely under attack. It's like a war zone.
00:26:43 It's, you know, we have this sense of the Amazon as being infinite, you know,
00:26:48 with this infinite capacity to regenerate itself.
00:26:51 But all of the incursions and the threats that it's faced with, that you're mapping in your work,
00:26:57 are really devastating and really profound, and they really compromise the ability of the Amazon
00:27:03 to renew and to refresh and to regenerate itself.
00:27:08 [Music]
00:27:12 [Spanish]
00:27:22 [Music]
00:27:24 [Spanish]
00:27:34 [Music]
00:27:38 [Spanish]
00:27:51 [Music]
00:28:00 Scientists say the fires across Siberia, fueled by abnormally high temperatures,
00:28:05 are contributing to global warming.
00:28:07 Russia has one-fifth of the world's forests.
00:28:10 If they're burning, the fallout is global.
00:28:14 [Music]
00:28:17 When I arrived in Baikal, there was already a drought.
00:28:21 So that's another thing that blew my mind, is that there's droughts in Siberia.
00:28:25 [Music]
00:28:27 A few days into our trip, these huge fires exploded,
00:28:31 and they were so strong that they actually affected the climate.
00:28:37 [Music]
00:28:43 I had to create an insulation, and there was nothing optimistic about it.
00:28:49 [Music]
00:28:51 There were a few little yellow flowers that were growing around,
00:28:56 but I just couldn't put them on the insulation.
00:28:58 There was nothing positive or good or hopeful about that forest.
00:29:03 Environmentalists now fear it's reaching a tipping point.
00:29:08 Everybody's talking about tipping points these days.
00:29:11 Can you really tell me what this is about?
00:29:13 The idea of a tipping point is that once these thresholds are crossed,
00:29:17 we expect there to be cascading effects and feedback loops
00:29:22 that will drive even more accelerated change.
00:29:25 [Music]
00:29:28 With the fires in Siberia creating this warming and accelerated melting of the permafrost,
00:29:35 it's this accelerated cycle of warming, and then the ice just can't take hold anymore.
00:29:40 [Music]
00:29:42 We're going through the worst fires in the U.S. ever, or in Siberia, or even in the Amazon.
00:29:49 Are those feedback loops of the tipping points?
00:29:52 Is that the consequence of the consequence?
00:29:54 They are.
00:29:55 They lead to really significant, profound land surface changes.
00:30:00 So all of these things sort of cascade on themselves.
00:30:04 [Music]
00:30:21 What did you feel when you came here after two years?
00:30:24 This is one of my first experiences of a great forest being burnt, you know.
00:30:28 A burnt forest, an anthropogenically burnt forest was here, and that's something I'll never forget.
00:30:35 [Music]
00:30:45 It feels like you can shoot a horror movie here.
00:30:49 And it was one of the most famous and one of the most beautiful places around Baikal.
00:30:54 [Music]
00:31:11 Years ago it was completely different. It all was evergreen.
00:31:14 And that it happens because of us.
00:31:18 Of course, a forest fire is something very natural, and it happens just because of a thunderstorm or whatever.
00:31:25 But now it happens like hundreds of times more frequently.
00:31:31 [Music]
00:31:39 While I was doing my exhibition in Moscow, I decided to go to Siberia.
00:31:43 I'd always wanted to go there, and it was one of those places that had always fascinated me, and especially like Baikal.
00:31:50 [Music]
00:31:55 We got in touch with some activists who are in Siberia, and who agreed to welcome me and take me around,
00:32:02 and start giving me a sense of Lake Baikal.
00:32:05 And Dasha was one of those people.
00:32:08 [Music]
00:32:13 Most of us living here, we define ourselves not as much as Russians, but as Siberians.
00:32:22 [Music]
00:32:25 All the activists told me, "You have to come back in the winter. You can't understand Baikal if you haven't also seen the winter season."
00:32:31 And they were right.
00:32:34 [Music]
00:32:45 Baikal, I would say that it's not only the main water resource for the planet.
00:32:53 It's also a great energetic resource.
00:32:57 I always put my hands in and say, like, "Hello, Father," like in this big meaning, yeah.
00:33:03 And it actually helps.
00:33:07 It shouldn't be like, "Let's not touch nature. Let's touch nature, but in a smart way."
00:33:11 So we actually conserve that.
00:33:13 And sometimes people do something bad for nature, not because they don't care, but because they haven't thought about it.
00:33:21 And when you actually explain, when you actually give the message, you change the world, like, with a very, very slight movement.
00:33:29 [Music]
00:33:34 And then the little white herbs around the small ones.
00:33:40 I love it.
00:33:42 [Music]
00:33:45 Straight, straight, straight.
00:33:47 Yeah, a little bit more on the side, side, yeah.
00:33:51 Yeah, yeah, beautiful.
00:33:53 [Music]
00:34:22 [Music]
00:34:36 Around the world, stronger storms and more intense droughts will create humanitarian crises and risk more conflict.
00:34:43 Climate change has the potential to exacerbate many of the challenges the world already confronts.
00:34:49 For instance, it can intensify competition over natural resources, drive up food prices, and increase geopolitical tensions.
00:34:58 Governments recognize that they need to factor in the risks associated with climate change and alter their operations accordingly.
00:35:07 So are you saying to me that all the navies around the planet are already adapting to climate change?
00:35:12 Well, they have to be, to be resilient, yeah.
00:35:18 Fresh water will be in short supply in the future. It already is in some regions of the world.
00:35:24 This is going to be one of the most, if not the most, valuable resources on the planet.
00:35:30 As water becomes scarcer, people get more aggressive in protecting their water rights.
00:35:34 In fact, the fight over who gets to use the world's water has been a long, ongoing battle.
00:35:39 [Music]
00:35:59 This lake is over 30 million years old. It's the most old lake in the world, the most big, and the purest.
00:36:08 They say that with the water of Baikal, you could give drinking water to the entire planet for at least over a year.
00:36:15 Only in the last, maybe, couple of years, locals start to realize what we have.
00:36:21 Because more and more we can see in the media and news that people are suffering without just water.
00:36:28 If water just don't.
00:36:31 [Music]
00:36:36 This small movement becomes huge for all of us.
00:36:40 So, yeah, of course, we start to appreciate the clean water. We start to fight for clean water.
00:36:44 We start to scream, like, we need to save Lake Baikal.
00:36:48 A lot of people become an activist, even, like, making posts on Instagram or Facebook or something.
00:36:55 Maybe it's a fast step to do more.
00:36:57 [Music]
00:37:01 Drinking water from Lake Baikal, this is Lake Baikal water directly from the lake.
00:37:06 And I want my sons to do the same. So it's really important for me.
00:37:10 Could it become a militarized zone? I mean, could this become blue gold?
00:37:14 Could it be that people will not want to share it?
00:37:17 So there is research that suggests that conflicts are instigated and magnified by resource constrictions.
00:37:24 And that water will be a flashpoint.
00:37:27 [Music]
00:37:35 I have some climate science colleagues that say they're less worried about the changes that the planet is undergoing.
00:37:43 And they're most worried about the changes that it could bring out in people.
00:37:48 [Music]
00:38:06 As you see today, in the Himalayas, countries are already fighting over glaciers.
00:38:10 I think we all need to understand that the solution to this is not trying to have bigger controls on supply of natural resources.
00:38:17 We're learning how to use it controllably and ethically, you know.
00:38:21 [Music]
00:38:41 These are the fields of the 15 houses of Samsung, right?
00:38:44 And since this year, they have abandoned all the fields.
00:38:47 All the fields you see around have been abandoned.
00:38:50 [Music]
00:38:58 So this village has been here for over a thousand years.
00:39:01 And now it's going to have to move because of lack of water. Is that correct?
00:39:05 And that's a result of the glaciers drying, which is a result of the earth that is warming due to things that we're doing.
00:39:12 So...
00:39:15 And this is happening all over the Himalayas?
00:39:17 Totally. The people of Samsung are one of the first climate refugees in all of the Himalayas.
00:39:22 It's a reality that they're forced to undertake.
00:39:25 You know, so for them, it's just absolutely forced migration.
00:39:29 Brought about by a problem they don't know why or how to solve.
00:39:32 So it's a global crisis.
00:39:34 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:39:57 [Music]
00:40:03 They've been able to rely on a seasonal water cycle of the planet for generations.
00:40:10 And it's treated them well.
00:40:12 Yeah, until now.
00:40:13 Until now.
00:40:14 Yeah.
00:40:15 And they have almost no impact on our planet.
00:40:21 They bring cow dung to heat themselves.
00:40:24 This historical millennial village is disappearing. How does that make you feel?
00:40:31 I just also feel like somehow we are all to share the blame.
00:40:36 And like these people are the least, because they're the least contributors, but the most affected.
00:40:41 But they're on the edge, so they have to leave.
00:40:44 What's the biggest problem? Overpopulation or living sustainably?
00:40:52 You take that area, Nepal, you compare that with an area like New York City that has magnitudes more consumption than the whole of Nepal, which has just like a fraction of that.
00:41:05 What do you mean? An entire country like Nepal has a lower consumption footprint than Manhattan?
00:41:11 Yes. Massive disparities in consumption patterns between different regions.
00:41:16 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:41:18 You know, this concept of Earth Overshoot Day. So midway through the year, we've consumed what we could sustainably manage to consume for the whole year in order to live and allow it to regenerate.
00:41:33 In the global north, we often are told that we have unlimited, boundless resources.
00:41:41 Is that really a message that we want to be giving and receiving?
00:41:47 [Music]
00:41:57 I think they understood why I was there.
00:42:01 And they wanted to make sure that I was able to transmit who they were and what they are.
00:42:08 And I think that these carved mantras is probably one of the strongest things.
00:42:13 [Music]
00:42:20 It's carved with these mantras.
00:42:23 So that's a very strong symbol for warding off evil spirits and praying for victory to the gods.
00:42:31 [Music]
00:42:34 And they told me it was okay for me to use them for my installation.
00:42:36 And that was something that really blew my mind because in my religion, you don't touch anything that's sacred and you can't really share it.
00:42:45 And you have to just look at it and honor it.
00:42:48 [Music]
00:42:56 Time is ticking.
00:42:58 Time is ticking.
00:43:00 [Music]
00:43:07 All those carved mantras are going to stay in Samsung.
00:43:12 And they're going to leave.
00:43:14 [Music]
00:43:20 I think that the crisis that Samsung is facing now is something that we, each of us, are somehow responsible for.
00:43:27 Sooner or later, everyone else will have to go through what Samsung is going through today.
00:43:33 [Music]
00:43:38 More than one billion people could be displaced by the year 2050, according to a new analysis of global ecological threats.
00:43:45 Those areas are expected to expand across one-fifth of the planet in the next half century.
00:43:51 [Music]
00:43:54 So one of the areas that has projected strongest migration patterns is North Africa.
00:44:02 And so the loss of water and a water supply will drive many people to leave that region.
00:44:08 [Music]
00:44:12 I met quite a few refugees, both in Lampedusa and North Africa.
00:44:16 They're anonymous, mostly.
00:44:18 [Music]
00:44:20 I can't even say where I was in North Africa because we weren't there legally.
00:44:24 [Music]
00:44:31 It's deadly, but you don't have a choice.
00:44:34 You have to reach the destination you are thinking of.
00:44:38 [Music]
00:44:39 The other impacts of climate change is global migration like we've never seen before.
00:44:45 It's going to require us to think about, to rethink how we think about what security, safety, human rights are
00:44:55 in an environment where so many people are displaced.
00:44:59 [Music]
00:45:03 I started going to Lampedusa almost right at the beginning of my project
00:45:07 because the European island is the closest to North Africa and that's where a lot of people arrive.
00:45:11 This was before the refugee crisis started.
00:45:14 Every year it just got worse.
00:45:16 [Music]
00:45:18 In a desert or something like that, there is no policeman, there is no rule.
00:45:23 Human being and the chicken is the same for them.
00:45:27 [Music]
00:45:29 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:45:35 [Music]
00:45:37 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:45:43 [Music]
00:45:45 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:45:51 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:45:53 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:45:56 [Music]
00:45:58 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:46:01 [Music]
00:46:05 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:46:07 [Music]
00:46:10 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:46:13 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:46:38 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:47:01 Art in all its forms right now has an extra duty, like a civic duty to remind us of who we are,
00:47:12 where we belong and what our roots are and what we've been able to achieve
00:47:18 and therefore what we can still achieve.
00:47:21 [Music]
00:47:25 And art can do that.
00:47:27 [Music]
00:47:44 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:47:46 [Music]
00:48:03 Most of the time our eyes stop at the first layer of the ocean
00:48:07 and already that one is able to make us dream.
00:48:10 [Music]
00:48:12 [Speaking in foreign language]
00:48:16 [Music]
00:48:18 But there is so much more beneath that layer.
00:48:21 Imagine that 80% of all living species live in the marine environment
00:48:27 and the ocean actually covers 71% of the Earth's surface.
00:48:33 [Music]
00:48:37 So our planet that is called planet Earth, that should be called planet ocean.
00:48:42 [Music]
00:48:46 Those dolphins, those animals, those marine creatures can be really catalysts for change.
00:48:52 This is the most important lesson that we should learn from aquarium.
00:48:57 [Music]
00:49:01 Maria Soli and I met at the United Nations.
00:49:03 I was a speaker for World Oceans Day and she was the moderator.
00:49:08 She's a marine biologist in Italy.
00:49:10 In the context of climate change, it's going to require us to do things really differently.
00:49:18 [Music]
00:49:20 How does it make you feel personally to see the state of the ocean?
00:49:24 Witnessing the state of the ocean and knowing what I cannot see with my eyes makes me sad.
00:49:34 I am responsible as an individual, as a citizen, as a marine biologist,
00:49:40 as someone that works in marine conservation to talk about these issues,
00:49:44 to make people aware that something major is happening, but we still have time to turn the tide.
00:49:53 Oceans are stressed at levels they have rarely been before,
00:49:57 and it could have grave consequences for all of us, dying coral reefs and chemical pollution.
00:50:03 Scientists say some of these changes are happening faster than predicted.
00:50:06 Abundance of plastics filling the oceans and land, and in places on Earth that even humans don't occupy.
00:50:12 And the combination of these stresses could lead us to a mass extinction of multiple marine species.
00:50:19 Every year, about 8 to 10 million tons of plastic enter the ocean, and it does this through rivers.
00:50:29 95% of all the plastic that enters the ocean sinks after five months.
00:50:39 Somewhere that is yet to be explored by us is already touched by us through plastic pollution.
00:50:49 I was diving and suddenly this current came through and I saw all these jellyfish.
00:51:04 I started to try and avoid them and then one of them touched me and I backed off and it wasn't jellyfish, it was a piece of plastic.
00:51:18 Those species also absorb external chemicals that are already in the ocean, like pesticides, for example,
00:51:31 but also all the odors and smells that you can find in the ocean.
00:51:38 What happens is that for fish and other marine creatures, plastic looks like food and smells like food.
00:51:48 It was basically this piece of pink plastic and it was exactly the same pink as the jellyfish.
00:51:55 I tied this tiny miniature hourglass around the piece of plastic and then I took my smallest vanity, my smallest skull,
00:52:06 and I kind of wrapped that around the other part of the piece of plastic and then suddenly it just looked like this scary mermaid.
00:52:21 Hundreds of hundreds of marine mammals die every year because they have been eating plastic.
00:52:29 This pilot whale is stranded, starving to death. It cannot eat because its stomach is full of plastic.
00:52:41 Human race, humankind, in the whole world, we drink over one million plastic bottles every minute.
00:52:50 And just 8% get correctly recycled.
00:52:55 The plastic production is foreseen to increase by 40% in the next decade.
00:53:03 So I think that we need still to work a lot in order to change our behavior and approach to something, a material that is made to last forever.
00:53:16 This is when the time shrine is just disappearing because now we're entering into this new anthropogenic moment of what our oceans look like now.
00:53:31 I have to find a different type of message. I have to show you something different.
00:53:36 I have to show you what our planet is becoming. I have to show you how much it's changed.
00:53:53 People are still discussing in the global north whether we're going through the Anthropocene or not and so many people don't even know what it means.
00:54:01 Right, so it's this period of time of rapid change in the environmental conditions.
00:54:08 [Music]
00:54:29 I started discovering the destruction by going to these locations. I wasn't expecting it.
00:54:36 It was a little bit the other way around. It was really like going to these locations hoping to create beautiful installations and realizing that I couldn't because what I was finding there was trash.
00:54:48 If I didn't know about it, probably most people didn't either.
00:55:01 So humans are the dominant drivers in this new era that we're in and so that touches all kinds of things.
00:55:07 The ways that we're modifying our environment, the way that we're consuming, the way that we're disposing of things.
00:55:14 The largest emissions introduced into the atmosphere happened over the last 50 years.
00:55:21 I mean that's such a compressed time frame of change and these poor species, I mean how do they keep up?
00:55:28 Like how could they possibly keep up with that?
00:55:31 [Music]
00:55:41 And then there was this shift in my mind, in my spirit about what our legacy was going to be about.
00:55:48 Was our archaeology going to be trash?
00:55:52 Is that what our civilization is?
00:55:56 Are we going to be remembered for trash?
00:56:02 All the plastic that was ever produced still exists because it just breaks down into smaller pieces but it stays.
00:56:21 It does not biodegrade and when it breaks down into pieces that are smaller than 5 millimeters, it's called microplastic.
00:56:31 And recent studies prove that basically we ingest 5 grams of plastic each week, which is the equivalent of a credit card every week.
00:56:46 [Music]
00:56:58 [Foreign Language]
00:57:14 [Music]
00:57:17 I met Roberto Ambrosini through Maria Sore because they both are studying microplastics, her in the ocean and him in glaciers.
00:57:24 And this is where the voice of science is important and where collaboration between different specialties,
00:57:31 whether it's like through art or through science or you know through engineering or whatever,
00:57:36 we all have to come together to talk about these things.
00:57:39 [Foreign Language]
00:58:09 [Foreign Language]
00:58:21 Microplastic particles have been revealed in the placentas of unborn babies for the first time.
00:58:28 The particles are likely to have been consumed or breathed in by the mother.
00:58:36 We need time to find the solutions and the problem is that we're running out of time.
00:58:42 Glaciers are like these extreme environments and so within extreme environments exist bacterias and microbes
00:58:51 and a whole world of elements that don't exist anywhere else and perhaps have the strength of, for example,
00:58:58 eating the microplastic or destroying it.
00:59:02 But they're disappearing, they're melting and we have to cover them up with these intelligent materials,
00:59:11 not to prevent them from melting but only to slow it down.
00:59:16 Can we still talk about mitigation or are we just already in full-blown adaptation and that's just the way it's going to be?
00:59:28 The reality is we need it all, right? We need to be doing mitigation, we need to reduce our emissions,
00:59:34 we need to be drawing down our emissions at the same time that we're rapidly adapting.
00:59:40 The scale of the challenges is so immense that it's going to take all of our systems adapting to sustain our life
00:59:50 and not just for humans but to sustain life for all the range of different creatures on the planet.
00:59:56 [Music]
01:00:07 But there are a range of different ways to address adaptation, which from barriers, from walls,
01:00:13 which are very strong interventions to more passive interventions like more terrace structures
01:00:19 that allow the water to flow and then recede but still provide some protection.
01:00:27 [Speaking Japanese]
01:00:51 [Music]
01:01:02 That was really important for me to discover that concept, the fact that we were geologically affecting our planet
01:01:11 and it was the first time in the history of our planet and the fact that we were a geological force,
01:01:17 that was something that really pushed me in my project even more.
01:01:23 Because obviously if we were being a negative geological force, we could also become a positive geological force.
01:01:29 [Music]
01:01:41 [Speaking Spanish]
01:01:54 [Music]
01:01:58 [Speaking Spanish]
01:02:14 [Music]
01:02:28 Hoping for a Shkola is a great example of community science.
01:02:32 [Music]
01:02:35 [Speaking Spanish]
01:02:42 And they are bringing all this data to the scientific platform and it's real data
01:02:49 because they have the local knowledge of the places where they can do this monitoring.
01:02:54 [Music]
01:03:05 [Speaking Spanish]
01:03:34 [Music]
01:03:54 [Speaking Spanish]
01:04:06 [Speaking Spanish]
01:04:21 [Music]
01:04:25 Normally we think that we go to the communities and teach them something
01:04:30 and now there's a community going out of the community and teach the youth in the city what is happening
01:04:36 in terms of conservation at the local level.
01:04:40 But you were a Jovenes yourself. I mean this is where you started, so this is you ten years later.
01:04:46 [Music]
01:04:55 I started here when I was 18 years old as an environmental educator.
01:05:00 My work at the United Nations is to represent international non-governmental organizations.
01:05:06 I'm there to raise the voice of the community and to bring the voice of the communities,
01:05:11 to bring the reality of what's happening in the ground to the global vision.
01:05:17 [Music]
01:05:20 What surprised me about Lily was her determination.
01:05:26 She's from a very young age had to deal herself with people coming in and drug dealers
01:05:31 because you know Mexico has its issues and she was confronted to a very rough reality.
01:05:38 [Music]
01:05:42 Yeah, negotiations can be tough, it can be frustrating, but we are there with a purpose.
01:05:49 And yeah, I'm thinking about how Ishkalak makes me, helps me to keep up and know that we are looking for solutions.
01:05:59 [Music]
01:06:01 Ishkalak absolutely made me belong to this planet, belong to this earth.
01:06:08 I'm amazed by its beauty, but also about the fragility and the social situation.
01:06:15 [Music]
01:06:26 Coming back and see that amount of sargassum, that was really shocking.
01:06:31 That tells you that something is wrong, something is happening.
01:06:37 [Music]
01:06:40 You know that's what shocked me the most when we arrived in Ishkalak,
01:06:44 is that we actually smelt the sargassum seaweed before we actually saw it.
01:06:49 And then you get to the beach and it's just everywhere, there's no white sand.
01:06:54 [Music]
01:06:57 Sargassum is a natural ecosystem floating in the water and it actually has its own endemic species on it.
01:07:05 But having a lot of it is really causing problems.
01:07:10 It is definitely something changing in the environment, something changing in the ocean.
01:07:16 All the activities that we do on land affect the ocean.
01:07:20 The nutrients come in the water system, the river system, all this irrigates to the ocean and it affects.
01:07:29 [Music]
01:07:32 [Spanish]
01:07:44 [Music]
01:07:49 [Splashing]
01:07:51 [Music]
01:07:58 [Music]
01:08:02 This was an incredible collaboration. I've never done such a big collaboration with so many people.
01:08:07 They are these incredible ocean protectors, this new generation of kids.
01:08:12 In their office was this huge whale bone, like humongous.
01:08:17 And I was like, "Oh my gosh, can we use that to create the installation?"
01:08:20 And they were like, jumped up, "Yes, of course," just kind of carried it out and helped me create this installation.
01:08:26 So this was a real collaboration with them.
01:08:29 Obviously I could have never gotten that whale bone where it was without their help.
01:08:33 [Music]
01:08:42 Probably my big worry is that we ignore things.
01:08:48 If we keep thinking that nothing is happening, we're not going to be able to do anything.
01:08:57 We ignore the fact that things are changing.
01:09:00 So if we live in ignorance, we are not going to make a difference.
01:09:06 We're not going to make it work. That's my big worry.
01:09:11 [Music]
01:09:32 And this is one of those places that really made me want to go beyond the installation
01:09:40 and tell the stories of who was behind the installation, of the backstage of the installation,
01:09:46 of what I'd learned and who I'd met.
01:09:49 [Music]
01:09:52 As you can see, Mimi and Panchita are excellent, incredible examples
01:09:57 of why 50% of humanity is key for the world of tomorrow and for the protection of the oceans.
01:10:04 The Sargassum seaweed has tripled from last year.
01:10:08 As much as they're courageous and are doing locally everything that they should and can do to survive,
01:10:17 they are very much aware of how fast the environment is changing
01:10:21 and how much their survival depends on global change.
01:10:26 [Music]
01:10:35 [Foreign language]
01:10:44 We actually are physically changing the planet. We have that power.
01:10:48 We will have to choose what we want to keep and what we are ready to let go of.
01:10:54 So that was another really interesting moment when teachers and professors started coming to my shows
01:11:01 and asking me if they could come back with their students. And I had never anticipated that.
01:11:07 [Music]
01:11:15 I realized that my art, in a way, had a voice.
01:11:19 [Foreign language]
01:11:28 And that children and youth really got it.
01:11:33 What can we do to help?
01:11:35 We can all fix something, even if it's something very small, and make it beautiful again.
01:11:42 Does anybody have a last question before we show the last film?
01:11:45 I think that your project is cool because, you know, save the planet and it's awesome.
01:11:50 But I think that you're not giving like a real, you know, tips to how to save it
01:11:56 because it's your generation and the generation above you that, you know, destroy your planet in a way.
01:12:02 So, yeah, you can teach us to save our planet, but actually we can't do it because we are teens, I think,
01:12:10 and the politician can do something, but I don't think that they care so much in the end.
01:12:16 What happened is that I saw the youth evolve.
01:12:21 The first years, they would listen to me graciously, and then little by little, I started getting pushback.
01:12:28 People ask me what I want to do when I grow up, and my question is, why do I have to grow up to be somebody?
01:12:35 You say you love your children above all else, and yet you're stealing their future in front of their very eyes.
01:12:43 Greta Thunberg is a young woman from Sweden who has decided to make it her life's mission to save the world from climate change.
01:12:51 It's a shame because it's up to us to change the world, we can change the world, and for now, nobody votes, only the "Q" vote.
01:12:58 Millions of people around the world today are gathering for a climate strike.
01:13:07 The demonstrations are being held with activists of Greta Thunberg's Friday for a Future movement,
01:13:12 which invites young people to stage school strikes within climate.
01:13:18 When Greta Thunberg and the youth movement started, I was really not surprised,
01:13:23 because I had already started seeing those reactions for over a year in my educational projects.
01:13:29 What do we want? Climate justice! When do we want it? Now!
01:13:45 I met Alexandria in New York when she was 13 years old,
01:13:50 and that was right at the beginning of the Friday for the Future movement.
01:13:54 She's that generation that belongs to the Anthropocene, where these children are taking on to their shoulders
01:14:00 these responsibilities and these challenges and these worries for their future.
01:14:08 Sitting at this bench is very cold. I've been school striking in wind, rain, sleet, snow,
01:14:15 and I've even striked in the polar vortex in a Sub-Zero sleeping bag.
01:14:20 Some people have geotagged it "Alexandria's bench."
01:14:25 Sitting at this bench has turned myself into an activist,
01:14:28 where I'm constantly working now to have a future, to get climate action.
01:14:34 [America's First Child]
01:14:38 My family has always been really connected with nature,
01:14:47 so when I was younger we'd go on family road trips to the beach,
01:14:51 and there'd be the specific beach, Pebble Beach, in Northern California,
01:14:55 that we would always go to, and it would be really fun,
01:14:58 because I'd get to bury my dad in the pebbles, and they'd bury me in the pebbles.
01:15:04 Pebble Beach is disappearing because with sea level rises,
01:15:16 the water is getting higher to the point where the beach may no longer exist anymore.
01:15:20 And with the beach disappearing, it's like a part of myself disappearing.
01:15:28 [California's First Child]
01:15:31 Having that love for California, and wanting to protect where you're from,
01:15:38 it really makes me feel more encouraged to stay going.
01:15:42 No, CO2 emissions are not actually harmful to the planet.
01:15:51 I hate to see so many young people especially panicking about climate change.
01:15:57 The climate hysteria movement is not about science.
01:16:00 If it were about science, it would be led by scientists rather than by politicians,
01:16:05 and a mentally ill Swedish child who is being exploited by her parents.
01:16:09 I think when people write articles about that, it's, sadly, it's a good sign,
01:16:19 because that means that they're really threatened by our beliefs,
01:16:23 and how we're really making a difference,
01:16:26 to the point where we're threatening what they've fought for so long.
01:16:29 And so the way they fight back is trying to cyber-bully us,
01:16:35 and we're trying to save them as well, and their children and their grandchildren,
01:16:40 the people who are the climate deniers. We're saving them.
01:16:45 [Waterfall]
01:16:48 Do you feel that what you're getting out of what you're doing now as an activist
01:16:53 is something you would not have gotten from school?
01:16:57 I definitely think the educational system is something that will have to change,
01:17:01 because we aren't being taught the crisis we're in.
01:17:05 We're not being told the truth.
01:17:07 A lot of the time we're being taught about how to live in the same world we're in,
01:17:10 how to be the same consumers.
01:17:12 That's what we have to learn on ourselves,
01:17:15 and have to push back and teach ourselves, which isn't fair.
01:17:19 [Waterfall]
01:17:22 I think that in the environmental movement,
01:17:24 there was a before and an after Fridays for the future, for sure.
01:17:28 They, within a couple months, were able to start communicating
01:17:33 and get through messages that I certainly, or a lot of us,
01:17:37 have never been able to get through.
01:17:40 But it doesn't take away the fact that Alexandria never had a little girl's life.
01:17:45 And that is because of what the generations before them did.
01:17:50 And that is extremely unfair.
01:17:54 [Waterfall]
01:17:56 The system is broken and it needs to change.
01:17:59 That's what all the activists are calling for.
01:18:02 We're calling for system change and not climate change.
01:18:05 Failure is not an option for us because this is our future,
01:18:08 and we're going to make sure that we have a livable planet.
01:18:13 [Waterfall]
01:18:26 It's so striking because in the cities we are so disconnected from nature,
01:18:31 but yet we are the ones that are and will be affecting the natural world.
01:18:39 You know, technology and wealth have never rated this high,
01:18:43 and yet we've probably never faced such an uncertain future as right now.
01:18:48 It suggests that there's more to be done to channel the technology
01:18:52 toward where our sustainability challenges are right now, like in this moment.
01:18:58 [Music]
01:19:03 Are there ways to align the incentives of innovation
01:19:08 to be focused more on climate solutions?
01:19:11 And there's this whole area of climate tech which is focused on that.
01:19:16 Like how do we rapidly innovate in the energy space,
01:19:19 in the climate solution space, in the agriculture space?
01:19:23 [Waterfall]
01:19:27 Can you hear me?
01:19:28 Yes, yes I can.
01:19:33 This looks like a science fiction movie.
01:19:37 We are looking at the first ever experimental underwater farm in the world.
01:19:43 Is that basil? It looks so healthy.
01:19:48 It even looks healthier. I mean, look at it.
01:19:52 Can you imagine how many people we could feed?
01:19:57 It's completely self-sufficient.
01:20:02 We're swimming in the future.
01:20:05 [Music]
01:20:16 Technology is a tool. It's like a knife.
01:20:19 You can use it to share a piece of cake or you can use it to kill.
01:20:24 So it's up to us. The tool is there. It's up to us how we want to use it.
01:20:30 [Music]
01:20:36 Is that going to happen all over the planet or is this just going to be for the global world?
01:20:40 The hope is that they'll also be able to share both that knowledge and those resources
01:20:44 so we do have more of an equitable allocation.
01:20:49 Because our ability to take action is going to be different than the people's ability to take action
01:20:55 in these other places that you've been visiting.
01:20:58 [Music]
01:21:04 And we can learn from them and they can learn from us.
01:21:07 [Music]
01:21:11 And it's not a one-way street. This is a mutual engagement.
01:21:17 If we choose it.
01:21:19 [Music]
01:21:33 Hello, hello.
01:21:35 [Music]
01:21:37 [Speaking Spanish]
01:21:50 [Music]
01:21:58 These are communities that are a barrier between full-blown economic exploitation of the Amazon and the nature.
01:22:06 So they are the last frontier.
01:22:10 And you see how little technology they have considering how much more they need
01:22:15 and there's absolutely no investment made by the government.
01:22:20 [Speaking Spanish]
01:22:35 Wouldn't that be incredible?
01:22:37 Like to co-evolve with the technology to really bring it to bear on the issues that are the most pressing
01:22:45 for our civilization and society.
01:22:47 Is co-evolution an option? With a positive, it sounds so positive.
01:22:51 Absolutely.
01:22:53 [Music]
01:23:16 We came back down from Cachiboya and next thing we knew, coronavirus had hit all of Europe and the United States.
01:23:25 [Speaking Spanish]
01:23:31 We barely made it out of Lima because there were no more flights.
01:23:37 So there's always a cultural shock once you come back from a place like the Amazon.
01:23:42 But then it was like the world had completely changed overnight.
01:23:47 We can't go back. This is something incredibly non-linear that has just happened.
01:23:53 And the ripple effects are enormous. They're incredible.
01:24:02 Everything has just been shifted forward.
01:24:06 We have this thing, we call it climate vision, when you can look ahead and see what those impacts will be.
01:24:13 But now we're just feeling those impacts and these waves that are like crashing on top of each other.
01:24:19 [Music]
01:24:28 [Speaking Spanish]
01:24:34 [Speaking Spanish]
01:24:39 [Speaking Spanish]
01:24:47 [Speaking Spanish]
01:24:51 [Speaking Spanish]
01:24:59 [Speaking Spanish]
01:25:07 [Music]
01:25:11 And as the climate change impacts accelerate and expand,
01:25:16 I suspect we're going to see more of these types of compounding, cascading, tipping points.
01:25:21 It's like a boot camp of what could potentially happen in the Anthropocene, right?
01:25:26 That's a big transition point for us.
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01:25:39 So there's important lessons to learn from this. How to keep each other safe. What does security mean?
01:25:47 How do we love each other through crises?
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01:25:59 [Speaking Spanish]
01:26:04 [Speaking Spanish]
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01:26:22 Going and creating art in places that are so challenging and so difficult
01:26:27 and meeting earth protectors that have to deal with difficulties and societal issues
01:26:33 and then coming back to a world of beauty and sophistication and wealth never bothered me at all.
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01:26:46 My art had the purpose. The purpose of bringing back these stories and sharing them.
01:26:52 But also the fact that by selling the art, I was also contributing to help these communities through my foundation.
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01:27:17 So many systems have flaws, you know.
01:27:20 I think the best approach would be, rather than being outside the system, to try to push that thing through the system.
01:27:26 And I would love to be a part of it.
01:27:31 Do you believe that that's going to happen? I mean, do you actually really believe in the future?
01:27:35 There are so many things that will prevent us from believing that it will happen.
01:27:39 But I think the approach is to believe, you know.
01:27:44 For me, personally, it would be even if it never happens in my entire lifetime, I would tell my children that it will happen.
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01:27:56 Definitely, the art takes its whole meaning once it's in an exhibition and it's seen and it can touch people from a completely different reality.
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01:28:19 That's what empowers it. That's what makes it purposeful.
01:28:23 It can be shared and seen by people who could never else relate to any of those realities.
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01:28:32 We had seen things that could change.
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01:28:40 But in that race of awareness, are we bringing solutions?
01:28:45 Are we bringing tangible solutions that are going to help the people that are in the front line?
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01:28:59 When I think of us as humankind, I feel that at the same time we are very, very small and silly, like compared with nature.
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01:29:15 On the other side, we are very, very strong.
01:29:18 Each small person can make a huge difference.
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01:29:28 You know, I don't exactly know what people are going to do, but I think the crisis is getting so urgent that people will start thinking of ways that the youth aren't thinking of in ways where they do become violent.
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01:29:48 There's still more room for civil disobedience because now is the time to do direct action.
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01:30:11 In order to survive as a species, we need to step back a little bit and talk about also regeneration.
01:30:21 We have changed the very essence of the ocean in the past 50 years.
01:30:27 Now it's time to give back.
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01:30:33 I think I'm just the tip of the iceberg.
01:30:35 I think there's an entire generation of artists arriving after me who will take on that role in extraordinary ways that I have not even been able to imagine.
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01:30:48 In my generation, we don't create the installations and the time shrines, and we don't put them in front of nature.
01:30:56 What's going to happen to the next generation of artists?
01:31:01 What are they going to have to photograph?
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