• 10 months ago
What is the useful content in the expression “that which can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence”?

Analysis shows it to have wrong structure. Applying either the formal meaning of the modal verb “can” (have ability), or the informal/incorrect meaning (have permission), we still get that anyone is able to and permitted to assert anything and dismiss any assertion without any reflection upon its possible truth at all.

My estimate is that the expression has no value because it adds nothing. If you wish to dismiss an assertion it is obvious that you can not be denied either the ability or the permission to dismiss it. Your dismissal of the assertion has no effect on the truth value of the assertion, and the truth value of the assertion has no effect on your ability or permission to dismiss the assertion.

Explain to me if I got something wrong here.


what’s the effect of losing a child on parents, particularly where other children are still around? Grief is inevitable but what if it affects the parents ability to provide the needed care to the other children?


Stef the Protestant doctrine of “sola scriptura” says that the Bible is the only source of truth. This seems self refuting as even the Bible doesn’t say the Bible is the only source of truth. Thoughts?


alright what's your favorite medieval weapon,

I see you as a zwihander guy!


Can you discuss dreams (those who happen during the night)? How can one discern which dreams are truly worth sitting down to analyze? How should they be analyzed, and how much time should be dedicated to it? Isn't it more crucial to journal, exercise, and meditate?

As a stay-at-home mother of three young children, there isn't much time left at the end of the day. That time is typically allocated for household chores, exercising, meditating, or journaling. Should dream analysis also be included in my prioritization?

I have always been a person who dreams a significant amount, starting from my childhood. In my teenage years, I focused heavily on this aspect, believing these were prophetic dreams from God (I was intensely religious). However, I severed ties with my religious beliefs and became an atheist at 20, completely ceasing to pay attention to my dreams, dismissing them as mere confusion with no significance. Perhaps it's time to reconsider their importance?


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Transcript
00:00 All right, some questions for freedomain.locals.com. Thank you, of course, for all of your interest
00:04 support. You can join the community at freedomain.locals.com. You can, of course, support the show at freedomain.com/donate.
00:11 All right. What is the useful context in the expression, "That which can be asserted without
00:17 evidence can be dismissed without evidence"? I actually think it's closer to, "That which
00:22 is asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence." The listener goes on to
00:27 write, "Analysis shows it to have the wrong structure, applying either the formal meaning
00:31 of the modal verb 'can' (have ability) or the informal incorrect meaning 'have permission'
00:36 we still get that anyone is able to and permitted to assert anything and dismiss any assertion
00:40 without any reflection upon its possible truth at all. My estimate is that the expression
00:45 has no value because it adds nothing. If you wish to dismiss an assertion it is obvious
00:50 that you cannot be denied either the ability or the permission to dismiss it. Your dismissal
00:54 of the assertion has no effect on the truth value of the assertion and the truth value
00:58 of the assertion has no effect on your ability or permission to dismiss the assertion. Explain
01:03 to me if I got something wrong here." Yeah, no, that which, no, so I think that the general
01:07 expression is, "That which is asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence."
01:12 So a child says, "I have an invisible friend," right? And you say, "Oh, well, so I can't
01:20 see him. Can I touch him?" No, you can't touch him either. "Can I smell him?" No, "Can I,
01:27 does he say anything?" No, right? So you say, "I have an invisible friend, there's no possible
01:31 way to detect it." You don't need to have a standard of disproof for that which can never
01:39 be proven. So if you were to say, "In another dimension, I am the king of Saudi Arabia,"
01:48 right? "In another dimension, I am the king of Saudi Arabia," what efforts should we take
01:54 to dismiss or disprove this assertion, right? The onus is on the person making the claim
02:02 to make the proof. And if somebody makes a claim which cannot be proven, you can dismiss
02:09 that without any counter work or counterweight. That which is asserted without evidence can
02:16 be dismissed without evidence. So, and things which technically I guess could be true, right?
02:26 So that, I mean, there are things that can't be true, there are things that can be proven,
02:32 and there are things which could be true but cannot be proven, right? So that which is
02:38 impossible can't be proved, can't exist, right? So I don't need to scour the universe to find
02:43 out of a square circle, right? A shape that has both a square and a circle at the same
02:48 time as contradictory properties. I don't need to scour the universe to prove that there's
02:53 no such thing as a square circle, right? That we understand. Now, if I say a horse with
03:00 a horn on its head exists somewhere in the universe, well I'm sure that a quadruped with
03:08 the characteristics of a horse that has a horn on its head, I mean technically that's
03:12 possible, right? I mean there are antelopes that have horns, I know, not on the front
03:15 of their head. There are rhinos that have horns on the front of their head. So it's
03:19 not self-contradictory to say that somewhere in the universe that exists a horse with a
03:25 horn on its head. Now it wouldn't be identical to an earthly horse but close enough. Yeah,
03:29 in the hundred billion stars in each of the hundred billion galaxies surrounded by half
03:34 a dozen planets, I'm sure that somewhere there is a horse with a horn on its head. Now we
03:41 can't say there is but there could be, but there could be. And of course this is a statement
03:48 that could never be disproven. Even if you had an infinity of time and energy you couldn't
03:55 disprove this statement that there exists in the universe a horse with a horn on its
04:00 head. For the simple reason, of course, that the width of the universe is greater than
04:06 the requirement to evolve a horse with a horn on its head. So even if you went to every
04:11 single planet in every single solar system in every single galaxy and scoured it and
04:18 scanned it and didn't find it, well by the time you were a third of the way across the
04:23 universe, I don't know, like four billion, I don't know how big, I mean I know how old
04:27 it is, but let's say it's, I don't know, 15 billion light years across, by the time you're
04:33 the third of the way across four or five billion years is more than enough for something to
04:36 evolve. So by the time you're a third of the way across the universe where you first started
04:42 maybe some barren planet has now developed life and right so you simply cannot possibly
04:49 know. And even if you were to set up some sort of, I mean let's get really absurd, right,
04:53 even you set up some sort of visual monitoring system to scan every planet, well your monitoring
05:01 systems couldn't deliver you information faster than the speed of light so you couldn't get
05:06 that. So you can never disprove something like that which is possible. And then there
05:13 are things which are possible and proven, right? So there is such a thing as a horse,
05:20 yes there is such a thing as a horse, you can go out of the city and see countless country
05:25 fields full of horses, you can go up and touch them and right, so yes there is such a thing
05:30 as a horse. You could also say that there are things which could be proven but aren't
05:34 provable in the moment. So if I were to say there's a big lump of gold on the far side
05:42 of the moon, that statement could be verified, you know, as soon as people go back to the
05:47 moon or whatever, then you could look for it and so on. But of course I cannot say that
05:53 I know for certain that there is a lump of gold on the far side of the moon. I can't
05:58 say that I know for certain because I haven't been there, I haven't seen it, I don't have
06:01 any direct... Now I could say there could be, yeah that's certainly within the... I
06:06 guess some meteor could have hit and deposited a lump of gold on the far side of the moon.
06:10 So it is certainly possible that there is a lump of gold on the far side of the moon.
06:17 It could be proven if you were to go and scour the far side of the moon for gold, it could
06:24 be proven, but nobody can say that it is true at the moment because there is no evidence,
06:30 direct evidence that has been accumulated. So it's possible, it could be proven, there's
06:35 no proof yet. And then it's possible it can never be proven, right, so you can't say there's
06:41 no place in the universe where a horse with a horn on its head exists. You can never prove
06:47 or disprove that. And then there are things which are self-contradictory and require no
06:54 disproof because their self-contradictory nature disproves themselves. So if I say there
07:00 is a magical horse somewhere in the universe whose nature it is to travel backwards through
07:06 time, we would know that this is not true. We wouldn't need to scour the universe because
07:11 there is no entity, certainly no organic entity, that is capable of traveling backwards through
07:17 time. For the simple reason that evolution has to go forward through time from less complex
07:22 to more complex. So if you have a creature as complex as a horse, it would never be moving
07:26 backwards through time. Also there's no creatures that move backwards through time. I don't
07:30 think there's anything other than maybe some bizarre subatomic quark stuff. I don't think
07:34 there's anything that travels backwards through time. So we know that that's not true. So
07:40 that which is asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence. Now the problem,
07:45 of course, with this formulation as a whole is that while it is technically and logically
07:51 true, that if somebody asserts something without evidence it can be dismissed without evidence.
07:57 That's not how the human brain works when it comes to evaluating truth and falsehood.
08:05 Sadly. And in a future world where children are better educated and so on, this hopefully
08:12 will be different. But right now, this is not how most human brains evaluate truth.
08:20 Most human brains evaluate not truth but threat. And of course our brains were largely developed
08:30 to evaluate threat. I mean, almost all of our, I mean, if you think of the pain receptors
08:36 in your nervous system that's designed to evaluate threat. When you think of nervousness
08:41 that's designed to evaluate threat. And of course our fear response is far higher than
08:46 our happiness response. And so on. So our brains are developed not to pursue truth but
08:55 to process threat. And threat is a greater risk to us than lying. Which is why people
09:05 lie in order to maintain their status. They lie in order to maintain their attractiveness
09:10 through makeup or hair transplant or wigs or whatever. So people lie all the time to
09:16 maintain their status because lower status is a great and grave threat to us. So what's
09:24 more dangerous? Telling a lie or telling the truth? Well, of course in most circumstances,
09:33 if you have the king is coming to town and you say that's just an ordinary man with some
09:39 metal on his head. Is that true? Yeah, of course it's true. The king is an ordinary
09:44 man with a piece of metal on his head and some gems, right? That is true. Throughout
09:49 most of human history though, of course, telling that truth would get you imprisoned, punished,
09:54 put in the stocks, killed, your reputation would be destroyed, your family would be ostracized
09:59 and genetically this would be very, very dangerous. So in the choice between telling the truth
10:07 and surviving, people choose to survive. And of course, as everybody knows, there's a whole
10:12 bunch of Voldemort topics in the modern world that people choose not to talk about because
10:19 it's too dangerous. So it certainly is true that which can be asserted, though that which
10:24 is asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence, but that's just not the
10:28 way that our brains operate. So what happens in general is people say, or the brain works
10:39 in the following manner, which is how social media and sort of the modern world works in
10:45 a nutshell. The brain works in the following manner when it comes to evaluating things,
10:50 really morally. The brain says, "If you are hated, you must be bad. If you are hated,
11:00 you must be bad." And that's why people pour such prodigious energy into hating others,
11:08 because hating is translated by the brain into being bad. You know, why would they hate
11:16 you if you didn't do anything wrong? Why would they say such bad things about you if you
11:20 didn't do anything wrong? Why would you be so attacked if you weren't being offensive
11:25 or bad or something like that, right? Now, of course, there's no epistemological truth
11:32 in the statement, "Because you are hated, you must be wrong," because everybody knows
11:36 we can think of countless people throughout history who were both hated and right and
11:41 in fact were hated because they were right. I mean, Jesus, Socrates, Aristotle, Plato,
11:48 Zechariah, Zechariah, Zechariah, Zechariah, Zechariah, Zechariah, Zechariah, Zechariah,
11:51 and so on, right? What's that joke I read this morning? Sir Isaac Newton died a virgin.
11:55 It's like, well, that's what you get for inventing calculus. And we can think of countless people
12:00 who are persecuted and perceived to be in the right due to their persecution. I mean,
12:05 I did the whole truth about Nelson Mandela. You can look at, nobody says, "Well, Martin
12:10 Luther King Jr. was hated enough that someone shot him, therefore he was wrong," or Bobby
12:13 Kennedy or whatever, right? Or JFK. So, everybody knows as a matter of fact, and this is known
12:22 to everyone, that people are often persecuted because they're both right and good, but they
12:28 like to do that when the person has already been killed and everybody accepts that the
12:33 person was persecuted because they are right and good. Nobody defends Miletus in his accusations
12:40 against Socrates. The person's already dead, it's a long time ago, and everyone already
12:45 agrees with you, so then you can come out in defense of someone long after the fact
12:51 when it poses no risk to you whatsoever. In fact, it would pose a risk for you to defend
12:55 Miletus. I mean, not much of a risk, it would just be, you know, kind of intellectually
12:59 provocative, but it's, you know, 2,500 years ago, who cares in particular, right? But in
13:05 the moment when somebody is being attacked, we perceive that as dangerous. If you ally
13:13 with someone who's being attacked, that is dangerous. And of course, the demand is that
13:20 the person being attacked be denounced as immoral. And okay, I just like, I just read
13:25 this whole book about the Salem witch hunts, the Salem witch trials. Everybody knows that
13:30 the people who were accused of being witches were not witches, and they were unjustly persecuted,
13:35 tortured, burned at the stake, murdered, based on the hysterical pronouncements of early
13:43 teen girls. I mean, just way crazy stuff, right? Me too, on, I don't know, murderous
13:49 steroids or something like that, right? And most people, of course, have been the victim
13:54 of some kind of whisper campaign, some kind of rumor spreading or something like that,
14:00 right? But in the moment, good translates into survival, and bad translates into danger.
14:10 So if somebody is being attacked, it means that they have aroused the ire of powerful
14:14 people because the ability to attack and be believed is one of the hallmarks of power,
14:19 right? If somebody says the king is bad, that person is in trouble. If the king says somebody
14:24 is bad, that person is in trouble, right? So the ability to accuse, the ability to slander
14:34 is a hallmark of power. So when people in power say, "Bob is evil," I mean, that is
14:41 asserted without evidence, or the evidence is sketchy, or there's tons of counter-evidence
14:45 or whatever. But the purpose of those in power in saying Bob is evil is to separate him from
14:52 everyone else because everyone else says, "Well, gee, if the people in power are saying
14:59 Bob is evil, then if I defend Bob, I'm going to share Bob's fate." So the question is not
15:05 evaluated according to its truth value. The question is evaluated according to its risk
15:11 or its danger. People don't evaluate the truth, they evaluate risk, because that's what our
15:15 brains do. And so when Bob is called evil by people with power, the purpose is to separate
15:22 any support from Bob. So, you know, the only people who say, "I stand with Bob," are only
15:30 doing that when Bob is not being attacked by anyone in particular power. Now the ability
15:35 to accuse, to threaten, to separate from support, to ostracize, to isolate, is one of the hallmarks
15:44 of power. So I don't think it's particularly useful when people say, "Well, that which
15:49 is asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence." So people say, "Bob is
15:53 bad," Bob is evil, people in power say, "Bob is evil." Very few people will say, "Well,
15:59 you haven't provided any conclusive proof as to Bob's evil, and therefore I'm going
16:04 to dismiss your claim." That's not the way that society works, and that's not the way
16:08 that evolution works. Evolution is survival is everything. And if lying enhances my chance
16:17 of survival, then a liar I will be, but I will be true to my genes. True to the genes
16:23 often means false in philosophy. And I don't condemn this at all. I mean, I'm thrilled
16:32 to have the brain that I have, I'm thrilled to have the life that I have, I'm thrilled
16:36 to have the health that I have, and I wouldn't be here if my ancestors had decided that the
16:44 truth was more important than survival. I'm sorry for me to laugh, right? But my ancestors
16:50 made their necessary compromises. My ancestor William Molyneux, who was best friends with
16:56 John Locke, they were hunted all over the Irish countryside by the king for various
17:00 things that they had said, and they hid and they ducked and they, I'm sure that they tempered
17:05 their speech and all of that, which, you know, people have to do on a regular basis in the
17:10 world. I mean, the Internet's helped a little bit with that, but not in any permanent or
17:14 perfect way. So survival, survival is good. And of course, the bad people know that if
17:21 they threaten people's survival, other people will fall in line and will say whatever the
17:27 people in charge demand that they say, they will turn on whoever the people in charge
17:31 demand that they turn on, and they will ostracize whoever the people in power demand that they
17:36 ostracize and, of course, but that's kind of humiliating. And so people will often join
17:42 in the moral crusade and convince themselves that, "Oh yes, Bob is a bad guy, and he should
17:49 be ejected, and I join," right? So you merge with the attacks of those in power so that
17:56 you don't feel the humiliation. It's a lot easier for most people psychologically to
18:02 believe that they're on the side of good rather than say, "Well, I'm forced to betray my friend
18:09 by those in power. I guess I now see where I stand in the pecking order," and that's
18:15 really humiliating. And also that doesn't really help with your survival too much because
18:21 if you're too humiliated for too long, you might blow up and fight back and then suffer
18:26 a pretty bad end. So yeah, that which is asserted without evidence can be dismissed without
18:31 evidence. It's true, but it's not true that that's how people process information. They
18:36 process information based on threat. They don't process information based on truth.
18:41 All right. So question, "What's the effect of losing a child and parents, particularly
18:45 when other children are still around? Grief is inevitable, but what if it affects the
18:49 parent's ability to provide the needed care to the other children?" Well, it's, I mean,
18:54 this is obviously one of the most brutal questions around. I don't have any particular answers
18:59 to this other than to say death is one of those stimulants that can really help remind
19:07 you to live your life as richly and deeply and powerfully and honestly as possible. All
19:13 the troubles that you have in your life compared to what you think and feel when you're dying
19:18 are unimportant, relatively unimportant, not all of them, but most, right? So death is
19:24 a way, it's how you judo move death, right? Death can either drag you into the grave or
19:29 propel you into the skies. The great beckoning crooked bony finger of death is, "It's so
19:36 sad that your life will be forever in shadow and forever half destroyed." Or you can judo
19:43 death and say, "The fragility of life and the inevitability of death has convinced me
19:50 to live as richly and deeply and powerfully and courageously as possible." It can bring
19:57 even more love to your other children when you've lost a child because then you appreciate
20:01 the children, right? I mean, every parent has this story, right? Every parent has this
20:07 story. So you're in a social group, you're among friends and you hear some story about
20:12 a child's illness and like a serious illness, dangerous illness, a maybe life-threatening
20:18 or permanently disfiguring illness. And what do you do? I mean, that's awful and you provide
20:23 massive sympathy, of course, and then when you see your children next, you give them
20:28 a big hug and a kiss and you remind them just how much you treasure them. Loss can absolutely
20:36 be a fuel for increased love. And the idea, of course, of thinking of the child speaking
20:44 from beyond the grave, while obviously a little odd, can be quite helpful. I mean, I've thought
20:50 of this, right? Statistically, I'm likely to die before my wife does. Women outlive
20:55 men. Now, when I think of being a ghost floating around my wife's life when I'm dead and gone,
21:03 right? As the Marlon Brando said towards the end of his life, it's like it's so weird to
21:06 imagine not being here. So would I want my wife after I'm dead to be miserable for the
21:13 rest of her life? I would want her to laugh, I would want her to enjoy her life, I would
21:19 want her to remember with great affection the relationship that we had, but not to the
21:25 point where she can't, she's like choking with sadness and grief. I mean, I was in a
21:32 play called The Bear by Chekhov. It's a short play where a woman is overwhelmed and overcome
21:37 with grief. And that's the Hamlet thing, right? You know, father also lost a father, so this
21:43 is uncle, and this excessive grief is... So yes, you grieve, and then you use that grief
21:51 to further fuel your appreciation of life. I would want, I will want my wife, I mean,
21:57 obviously not to, I don't know, boogie-woogie at my funeral, but I would not want her to
22:02 be miserable for the rest of her life because I had died. That would be sad for me, and
22:07 if I were a ghost I would encourage her to continue to enjoy life, to not half join me
22:12 in the grave, so to speak.
22:13 Steph, the Protestant doctrine of sola scriptura says that the Bible is the only source of
22:18 truth. This seems self-refuting as even the Bible doesn't say the Bible is the only source
22:22 of truth. Thoughts? Honestly, that's theology. I'm a philosopher, so I don't have much to
22:28 say about theology. I certainly, I mean, I was raised a Protestant. I never heard that
22:34 the Bible was the only source of truth. I think, I mean, people certainly said it was
22:38 the source of moral truth, and it was the most, the Bible was the source of the most
22:41 important truths, but calculus is valid and true. Calculus isn't in the Bible, and I'd
22:49 never heard any priest when I was growing up in any of the churches that I attended,
22:53 and I attended a lot of churches for a long time, particularly in boarding school. I never
22:58 heard any priest ever say that nuclear fusion or fission is invalid because it's not in
23:06 the Bible, or that air conditioning doesn't exist because it's not described in the Bible.
23:12 So I'm no theologian, of course, but in my experience, in my studying, I think, of course,
23:20 they would say that the most essential moral truths and the most essential spiritual truths
23:24 and the most essential metaphysical truths are in the Bible, but the Bible is the only
23:29 source of truth? I've never heard of that. I've never heard of that at all, and I mean,
23:33 the fact that I've never heard of it doesn't mean that it's not believed by some people,
23:37 but it certainly isn't any kind of mainstream Protestantism that I was ever exposed to,
23:42 and I did quite a lot, and I've read quite a lot, and so on, right? So, all right. All
23:47 right, what's your favorite medieval weapon? I see you as a Zwihandr guy.
23:52 Well, I think that the broadsword is the only super straight weapon. Love me the broadsword.
23:59 The longsword with its 1d8 is lame. The broadsword with its 2d4 is excellent. I like weapons
24:08 that are sturdy and can take a lot of punishment. That's why I liked the Hawker Hurricane in
24:14 World War II. The Spitfire was kind of like a ballet dancer, and the Hurricane was kind
24:19 of like a tank. So, that would be mine. All right. Can you discuss dreams, those that
24:25 happen during the night? How can one discern which dreams are truly worth sitting down
24:28 to analyze? How should they be analyzed, and how much time should be dedicated to it? Isn't
24:33 it more crucial to journal, exercise, and meditate? As a stay-at-home mother of three
24:38 young children, hey, congratulations, there isn't much time left at the end of the day.
24:42 That time is typically allocated for household chores, exercising, meditating, or journaling.
24:46 Should a dream analysis also be included in my prioritization? I've always been a person
24:50 who dreams a significant amount, starting from my childhood. In my teenage years, I
24:53 focused heavily on this aspect, believing these were prophetic dreams from God. I was
24:59 intensely religious. However, I severed ties with my religious beliefs and became an atheist
25:03 at 20, completely ceasing to pay attention to my dreams, dismissing them as mere confusion
25:08 with no significance. Perhaps it's time to reconsider their importance. Yeah, that's
25:12 a great question. Now, as a woman, obviously massively appreciate and love women and femininity,
25:20 but the idea that I would tell you how much time you should spend on your dream analysis,
25:25 sorry, I can only give you some principles, I can't give you some practices. So, beware
25:33 false dichotomies. Beware false dichotomies. So, if you say, "Well, I have to do my household
25:41 chores and I have to exercise." Well, your meditation or journaling, well, journaling
25:46 can involve your dreams. You can have some great thoughts while you listen to household
25:50 chores. You can also think while you're exercising and so on. So, dream analysis. So, dreams
25:58 are what, think of them as waves that wash over a barrier, because the barrier of principles
26:07 is too low. I'll give you an example from my own life, and neither of these are proofs.
26:13 These are just sort of examples and a way to start the conversation. Certainly, analogies
26:17 are not proof, my experiences are not proof, but I'll tell you how my thinking has evolved
26:21 in this. So, when I was enmeshed in a whole series of amoral or semi-corrupt relationships
26:29 in my twenties, I had very sort of vivid and powerful dreams. And when I was no longer
26:38 in those amoral or semi-corrupt relationships, those dreams ceased. Now, the reason I was
26:45 in these amoral and semi-corrupt relationships was because I was not applying my philosophical
26:51 principles in any kind of fundamental, universal or absolutist style fashion. It was momentum
26:58 of history, it was it's too much work to find new companions, it was a lack of knowledge
27:03 of what it is to be truly loved, which I didn't really experience till I met my wife. So,
27:10 you know, it's like being in prison, honestly, it's like being in prison. And being imprisoned,
27:16 I was imprisoned by my lack of integrity. And I didn't have much excuse, because I had
27:22 been studying at this point philosophy for like 10 years. Now, I don't, I'm not mad at
27:29 myself, I don't blame myself, but I do have to be accurate about myself, and that I was
27:33 not living with integrity. Philosophy was talk, research, study, debates, arguments,
27:40 perspectives, but it was not to be lived in empirical and actionable ways. Now, I get
27:49 all of this, you know, you don't start off as a health care provider injecting things
27:54 into people, you start off injecting, practicing your injections into oranges or things like
28:00 that, right? So, I was in a realm of theory, I was in a realm of practicing things rather
28:06 than doing things, like practicing as in rehearsing rather than practicing as in I'm a practicing
28:11 lawyer kind of thing, so to speak. So, I was all theory and little practice. And again,
28:18 that's fine, you have to have the blueprints before you have the bridge. But I was having
28:25 vivid, very vivid and powerful dreams, which I've sort of talked about before. I was having
28:29 very vivid and very powerful dreams, because I was not living my values. I had not found
28:35 fault with the values, but I was not living them. I was essentially a Platonist, in that
28:41 the theory is more important than the practice. Although I was an Aristotelian in my metaphysics
28:47 and epistemology, in my practice I was detaching theory, sorry, in my actual life I was detaching
28:53 theory from practice. So, dreams can be very strong indicators of where you're not living
29:02 your values, and certainly they were very important indicators of where I wasn't living
29:06 my values. And they're worth examining from that standpoint. So, a lot of my dreams were
29:13 basically "which means what? Which means what? You believe in this, that and the other, which
29:17 means what? What does it mean? What does it mean?" If you're overweight, you're incredibly
29:23 frustrated at being overweight, you read all of these diet books and all other kinds of
29:28 stuff, at some point your dreams are going to be like "can we actually lose some weight?"
29:32 Like "I really hate being overweight, I really want to lose weight, I'm reading all of these
29:37 books on health, nutrition, education, right?" And this goes on for years, your dreams are
29:42 going to get pretty vivid, because your unconscious is going to be like "can we just do it? Can
29:45 we do it? I mean enough preparation, can we actually just do it?" You know, if you buy
29:50 a membership to a climbing gym and you buy all of this climbing gym equipment and you
29:55 get the chalk and you keep driving to the gym and sitting in the parking lot, at some
29:59 point you're just going to have some pretty vivid dreams about climbing. It's going to
30:03 be like "stop teasing me, can we actually do it? Stop circling, stop doing the drive-bys
30:08 and actually do it." So, and again, there's a certain amount of prep that's necessary,
30:12 a certain amount of prep that's important, but if all you're doing is practicing your
30:16 backhand and your overhand in tennis, at some point you're going to have dreams about actually
30:20 playing a game, if all you're doing is practicing and not actually playing. So I think that
30:24 dreams are when the unconscious is striving to have you actually act out your values,
30:31 but you're not doing so, which again I understand and sympathize with, I think the dreams will
30:34 say "yeah, it's time, you should absolutely do it." So how much time should you spend?
30:39 I mean, what I would do is look at places where my values weren't being enacted. Look
30:44 at places where my values aren't being enacted and see if I can close that gap a little bit,
30:49 right? Because what's going to happen is later on in life, all you're going to remember is
30:52 not your fear of living with integrity, but your lack of integrity. I mean, sort of when
31:00 I look back at why I wasn't living with integrity, again I have sympathy and I understand, but
31:05 all I, I don't really remember the fears of it, all I really remember, which is all that
31:08 really matters in a way, is that I wasn't living with integrity.
31:12 All right, let's do one more. No, I think I will, no, I'll wait for the next one, do
31:19 that later, but I appreciate you guys listening in. I hope that these are helpful comments
31:24 and feedback and freedomain.com/donate to help out Le Show and I look forward to your
31:31 comments and thank you so much for these questions. I look forward to more of them. They are great
31:36 brain food for me. All right, take care everyone. Bye.